立法假定方法的法逻辑探讨

发布时间：2018-01-22 21:52

本文关键词： 法律逻辑立法思维立法假定　出处：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：立法假定方法是立法者在立法工作中形成法律假设时所运用的逻辑思维方法。立法假定方法的运用过程中是否科学严谨,决定了立法本身的合理性和正当性,更关系到整个法律系统能否被多数民众认可、服从和遵守。立法假定方法源于法哲学的历史渊源,它的合理结构完全可以成为立法者值得信赖的立法工具,更是保证立法目的得以实现的有效方法。第一部分主要论述立法假定方法与逻辑思维之关系。立法假定是指立法者依据当前的政策要求和相关法律理论,对已发生法律事实的定性和对未来可能发生的法律行为进行预测性解释,是立法者形成的一种推测性结论。立法假定的发展方向是经过依法确认已成文法条。探寻立法假定的发展渊源,人们就会发现法律与逻辑交融的发展历史,而这一发展历史几乎贯穿了整个法哲学的繁荣进程。立法假定的建立、生成和应用具有特殊的一般过程,这一过程始终跟随立法思维的进行路径,并且完全表现在立法程序当中。同时,基于科学假说和科学解释的理论,可建构独特的立法假定思维的逻辑结构。第二部分主要论述立法假定生成的具体的逻辑思维方法。立法假定如同科学假设一样,总是受到一些关键因素的影响而产生。一般来讲,一个科学合理的立法假定基本上源自以下几个方面而产生：政策要求、涉法事件以及立法目的。这几个方面常常给立法者提出一个个具体的需要通过立法来解决的立法问题。立法假定的生成过程中运用到了许多逻辑方法和思维模式,包括逻辑上的归纳思维、类比思维和演绎思维,以及非逻辑上的形象思维、直觉思维和思辨思维等。立法假定的检验与评估是为了考察立法假定否合理、是否严谨,因为这是保证立法假定在经过检验评估成为法条之后是否具有可靠性。第三部分主要论述立法假定方法的影响因素与优化路径。任何一种逻辑方法在实践中都不被认同为完美的,立法假定的逻辑方法也同样会存在复杂性和局限性,更需要针对这些复杂性和局限性来寻找优化路径。其中,主要包括有针对性准确把握立法的客观环境,提高立法预测的科学性,优化立法程序,以及尽可能确保立法思维的完备性、一致性和严谨性。
[Abstract]:The assumed method of legislation is the logical thinking method used by the legislator when forming the legal hypothesis in the legislative work. Whether the method of legislative assumption is scientific and rigorous determines the rationality and legitimacy of the legislation itself. It is also related to whether the whole legal system can be recognized, obeyed and obeyed by the majority of the people. The method of legislative assumption originates from the historical origin of legal philosophy, and its reasonable structure can be a reliable legislative tool for legislators. It is also an effective method to ensure the realization of legislative purpose. The first part mainly discusses the relationship between the method of legislative assumption and logical thinking, which refers to the legislator according to the current policy requirements and related legal theory. The characterization of the legal facts that have occurred and the predictive interpretation of the legal acts that may occur in the future. It is a kind of conjectural conclusion formed by the legislator. The development direction of the legislative assumption is to confirm the statutory law by law and to explore the development origin of the legislative assumption, people will find the development history of the combination of law and logic. The history of this development almost runs through the prosperous process of the whole philosophy of law. The establishment, generation and application of legislative assumptions have a special general process, which always follows the path of legislative thinking. At the same time, based on the theory of scientific hypothesis and scientific explanation, we can construct a unique logical structure of the thinking of legislative assumption. The second part mainly discusses the specific logical thinking method of the legislative assumption. Like the scientific hypothesis, the legislative assumption is always influenced by some key factors. Generally speaking. A scientific and reasonable legislative assumption arises essentially from the following aspects: policy requirements. Legal matters and legislative purposes. These aspects often give legislators a specific need to solve the legislative problems through legislation. Legislative assumptions in the process of the generation of a lot of logical methods and thinking mode. . It includes inductive thinking, analogy thinking and deductive thinking, as well as non-logical thinking in image, intuition and speculation, etc. The purpose of testing and evaluating the legislative assumptions is to investigate whether the legislative assumptions are reasonable or not. Rigour, as this ensures the reliability of the legislative assumption after being tested and assessed as a statute. The third part mainly discusses the influence factors and the optimization path of the legislative assumption method. Any kind of logic method is not recognized as perfect in practice. The logical method assumed by legislation will also have complexity and limitation, and it is necessary to find the optimization path in view of these complexity and limitation. Among them, it mainly includes the objective environment to grasp the legislation accurately and pertinently. To improve the scientific nature of legislative prediction, optimize legislative procedures, and ensure the completeness, consistency and rigor of legislative thinking as far as possible.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D901;D90-051

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