以法治之道削弱“制度特权”

发布时间：2018-02-22 00:58

本文关键词： 制度特权内在秉性法治之道机会均等　出处：《法学》2014年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：人们针对"制度特权"更多指责的是那种游离于制度之外、缺少监督和约束的法外特权,往往忽视了制度以内的特权所带来的危害。制度之内的特权是由长期以来的官僚等级体制以及由权力、身份和财富所决定的超公民权力,它往往以社会整体利益最大化为设置初衷,堂而皇之地被纳入制度来加以锁定。但这种超公民权力被制度确认后,由于缺少足够的合理性,以及较少受到制度的监督和制约,极易被特权的享有者超越边界地加以使用,因此亟待逐步加以削弱。削弱制度特权,需要严密的顶层制度设计。过于理想化、革命式地反对制度特权,一般不会有太多的积极效果,很可能是无果而终,搞不好甚至还会走向极端的反面。因此,以法治之道将制度特权限制在一个合理的范围内,应当是改革的目标,它有赖于在更大推动社会发展的基础上将创造机会均等作为基本策略。
[Abstract]:What people blame more for "institutional privilege" is the kind of extra-legal privilege which is outside the system and lacks supervision and restraint. The dangers of privilege within the system are often overlooked. Privileges within the system are long bureaucratic hierarchies and supercitizens' rights determined by power, identity and wealth, It is usually designed to maximize the interests of the whole society, and is brought into the system to lock in openly. But after this kind of super-citizen power is confirmed by the system, because of the lack of rationality, and less supervision and restriction of the system, Those who are extremely vulnerable to privileges are used beyond the border, so it is urgent to weaken them step by step. Weakening institutional privileges requires rigorous top-level institutional design. It is too idealistic and revolutionary against institutional privileges. Generally speaking, there will not be too many positive effects. It is very likely that they will end up in vain, and that they may even go to the extreme negative side. Therefore, it should be the goal of reform to limit the privileges of the system to a reasonable range by the rule of law. It depends on creating equal opportunities as a basic strategy on the basis of greater social development.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学凯原法学院;
【基金】：上海交通大学文理交叉基金项目(13JCY04)的资助
【分类号】：D920.0

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