秦汉家族法研究
发布时间：2018-03-10 17:53
本文选题：秦汉家族法 切入点：家族形态 出处：《东北师范大学》2012年博士论文 论文类型：学位论文
【摘要】：秦汉家族法是用来调整家族内各成员间关系的法律规范，其内容包括刑法与民法中的诸多内容，作为法学的分支，家族法是国法的重要组成部分，是国家对家族进行控制的重要手段。家族法依靠国家的强制力保证其实施，调整社会关系，维护社会秩序。 秦汉家族法在秦汉政治体制和乡里社会起着非常重要的作用。其内容包括刑法中的犯罪问题，民法中的继承、婚姻等问题，对秦汉家族法及其相关问题的研究，不仅关系到家族法的起源及其发展演变的过程，更关系到后世对家族法的准确认识，也可以使我们对秦汉律令学有一个更加全面而深刻的理解和认识。 当前，学界对秦汉家族法的研究虽然取得了一些成果，但由于资料匮乏，对其研究仍处于拓荒阶段，值得我们进一步地探讨和研究：一是缺乏全面而系统的研究著作；二是对秦汉家族法的研究不够深入。表现在对家族法与其他政治制度的关系论述不够；家族法内部各法律间相互依托、相互制约的关系论述不够。三是对秦汉家族法的整体定位欠缺，很少有学者将家族法纳入到中华法律体系中进行整体的论述。 因此，本文以秦汉家族法为研究视角，首先探讨秦汉时期的家族形态，进而讨论由家族形态决定的家族成员间的法律关系，然后全面论述秦汉家族法中的家族继承、家族婚姻以及家族犯罪等问题，以期勾勒出秦汉家族法的全貌，较系统地探讨秦汉家族法的发展脉络，探索秦汉家族法在秦汉律令学中的地位和作用。 正文共分四章。 第一章探讨的是秦汉时期的家族形态。共分四节。第一节论述了个体小家庭的形成。随着生产力的发展，宗族组织日益瓦解，个体小家庭脱离了宗族的控制，成为独立的生产、生活单位。第二节论述了秦代的家族形态。从三方面进行探讨：一是分析商鞅变法后的家族形态；二是分析睡虎地秦简中对“同居”及“室内”等概念的内涵，看其所反映的家族形态；三是从里耶户籍简的内容看当时的家族形态。最后得出秦是以小家庭即核心家庭和主干家庭为主的家族形态。第三节论述了西汉时期的家族形态仍是以核心家庭和主干家庭为主要形态；在国家政策的诱导和“孝”观念的影响下，官僚贵族家族呈扩大趋势。 第二章探讨的是秦汉时期的继承法。共分四节。第一节从《置后律》是否存在、后及后子的含义、后子的权利等论述了秦代的爵位继承；第二节论述了汉代的爵位继承。从继承的法律程序、继承人的法定顺序、继承的原则、女子爵位继承等方面进行了分析；第三节探讨了汉代户主继承。从继承人的顺序、寡为户后、女子为户、奴婢为户、继承原则、诈代户的惩罚等六方面进行了分析。第四节讨论了汉代的财产继承。一是从生分、析分、遗嘱继承等方面对继承的方式进行了分析和探讨。二是论述了汉代女子的财产权，女子作为弱势群体，在汉代不仅可以为户，在特定的条件下还可继承娘家和婆家的财产。 第三章探讨了秦汉时期的婚姻法。共分二节。第一节讨论了秦汉时期的婚姻形态。从婚姻法的渊源、一夫一妻制的确立以及婚姻的年龄，概述了秦汉时期的婚姻形态。第二节论述了秦汉婚姻法的内容。从婚姻的成立、婚姻的解除、婚姻的范围、婚姻法的特点等四个方面进行了讨论。 第四章探讨了秦汉家族犯罪问题。共分二节。第一节论述了亲属间相犯。对父子、夫妻、同居之间的刑事犯罪做了探讨，得出在秦汉社会，虽然每个人都有生命权，但夫尊于妻，父尊于子，在判罚和量刑上有着明显的区别。第二节论述了秦汉时期的收孥与族诛，这是政府对家族成员犯罪采取的有效的社会控制方式，体现了古代法中刑事责任连带的特点。 通过以上各章的分析，我们得出，秦汉时期的家族是在宗族组织日益瓦解的过程中发展演变而来，家族形态以核心家庭和主干家庭为主，联合家庭虽然存在，但数量极少。家庭或者户作为家族的实体形态已成为承担国家赋税、徭役的基本单位。基于此，，国家制定了严密的户籍管理制度和众多的法律制度，对家族进行严格的控制。秦汉时期的家族法既借鉴了宗法中的相关制度，又吸收了古代刑法中的内容，是调整家族内各成员间关系的法律规范，包括继承法、婚姻法和刑法等。 总之，秦汉家族法，作为秦汉律令体系的重要组成部分，继承和发展了先秦时期法的精髓，丰富了秦汉法制史的内容，维护了社会秩序，体现了古代法中男尊女卑、长幼有序的等级秩序，对后世法律体系产生了深远的影响。
[Abstract]:Qin and Han family members is used to adjust the legal norms within the family relationship, which includes many contents of criminal law and civil law, as the branch of law, family law is an important part of the law, is an important means to control the family. The force of family law in the country to rely on social adjustment to ensure their implementation. The relationship, to maintain social order.
Qin family law plays a very important role in the Qin and Han Dynasty political system and village society. Its contents include the crime in the criminal law in the civil law, inheritance, marriage and family law research on the Qin and Han Dynasty and related issues, not only related to the process of the origin and development of family law evolution, but also related to the future understanding the family law, but also allows us to study of LV Ling Xue has a more comprehensive and profound understanding.
At present, the study of Han family law circle has made some achievements, but due to lack of information, the research is still in the pioneering stage, it is worth further exploration and research: one is the lack of comprehensive and systematic research work; two is the research on the Han family law is not deep enough. In relation to the family law and other political system discussion is not enough; the family law within the law to rely on each other, this interdependent relationship is not enough. Three is the overall positioning of the Han family law is lacking, and few scholars have family law into the system of the law in the whole paper.
Therefore, this article in Qin and Han Dynasty family law as a research perspective, first discusses the Qin and Han Dynasties family form, and then discuss the legal relationship is decided by the family form among family members, and then discusses the Qin and Han Dynasties in family law family inheritance, family marriage and family crime, in order to outline the Qin family law picture, a system to explore the development of family law in Qin and Han Dynasties, Qin and Han Dynasties to explore family law in the Qin and Han Ling Xue in the status and role.
The text is divided into four chapters.
The first chapter is the discussion of the Qin and Han Dynasties family form. It is divided into four sections. The first section discusses the formation of individual family. With the development of productive forces, the clan organization has disintegrated, individual family from clan control, become an independent production, living units. The second section discusses the Qin family of form. From three aspects: one is the analysis of the reform of Shang Yang after the family form; the two is the analysis of sleep "cohabitation" and "interior" concepts such as Shuihudi Qin Bamboo Slips, the reflected in family form; three is to look at the family household registration form from Liye content. Finally Jane Qin is a small family the nuclear family and stem family family form. The third section discusses the form of family is still the Western Han Dynasty to the core family and the backbone of the family as the main form; in the induction and thought of "filial piety" under the national policy, The bureaucratic aristocracy is expanding.
绗簩绔犳帰璁ㄧ殑鏄Е姹夋椂鏈熺殑缁ф壙娉
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