“较大的市”政府规章立法程序研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 10:15

本文选题：较大的市　切入点：政府规章　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“较大的市”不仅是一类城市,而且是被赋予法律意义的法律概念,其有不同于一般城市的特点。基于城市发展的特殊需要,中央赋予“较大的市”法规和规章的立法权,以期实现“较大的市”法治化管理的目标。然而,由于其效力层级较低,城市立法资源有限,因此,其立法质量不高。民主科学的立法程序是保障立法质量,实现立法正义的重要方法。为此,国务院于2001年出台了《规章制定程序条例》以规范规章的制定程序。“较大的市”为执行这一行政法规纷纷结合本地实际制定符合本地需要的规章制定程序规范。目前,“较大的市”政府规章立法程序多数是对上位法的重复立法,其针对性和操作性不强,也不能满足“较大的市”政府规章立法的特殊需求。因此,本文旨在对现有“较大的市”政府规章立法程序进行完善,使其成为能满足“较大的市”政府规章立法民主与效率的好程序。本文首先通过比较“较大的市”政府规章立法与其地方性法规立法、其规范性文件立法以及省政府规章立法在实体和程序上的不同,肯定了“较大的市”政府规章立法程序存在的必要性。在此基础上,归纳出现有“较大的市”政府规章立法程序在立项、起草、审查、决定与公布、备案与解释程序中存在的问题,尤其是从“较大的市”政府规章的特点出发,否定了现有解释程序存在的必要性。最后,针对“较大的市”政府规章存在的问题,提出对于其的完善一方面,要对现有较为概括的立法程序进一步细化,使其具有更强的可操作性；另一方面,要根据所制定规章的类型和具体内容重要性的不同,在原有程序的基础上,有选择的适用宽严不同的程序。具体来说,对于一般性的规章,主要是一般性的创制性规章和执行性规章,应当适用较为宽松的程序,即立项、起草、审查、决定与公布和备案监督程序,这里的备案监督程序是备案为主的多元监督程序；对于“特殊”的规章,主要是内容涉及到市民基本权利的创制性规章和城市重大公共事务的规章,应当在较为宽松的程序基础上,选择适用个别立法程序。主要包括在立项阶段的立项论证程序、审查阶段的听证程序、备案监督阶段的事前外部批准程序。宽严相济的程序设置使“较大的市”政府规章制定既符合其立法的民主性要求,也满足其立法的效率需求,最终实现运用立法程序规范其规章制定的目的。
[Abstract]:The "larger city" is not only a kind of city, but also a legal concept with legal significance, which is different from other cities.Based on the special needs of urban development, the central government has given the legislative power to the laws and regulations of "larger cities" in order to achieve the goal of "larger cities" being governed by law.However, due to its low level of effectiveness and limited urban legislative resources, the quality of its legislation is not high.The democratic and scientific legislative procedure is an important method to guarantee the legislative quality and realize the legislative justice.To this end, the State Council in 2001 issued the regulations to regulate the formulation of regulations.In order to carry out this administrative law, the "larger cities" have made local rules and regulations that meet the local needs.At present, most of the legislative procedures of government regulations in "larger cities" are repeated legislation of superior laws, and their pertinence and maneuverability are not strong, nor can they meet the special needs of "larger cities" government regulations and legislations.Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to perfect the existing "larger city" government regulation legislative procedure, and make it a good procedure to satisfy the "larger city" government regulation legislation democracy and efficiency.First of all, this paper compares the entity and procedure difference between the government regulation legislation of "larger city" and its local regulation legislation, its normative document legislation and provincial government regulation legislation.It affirms the necessity of the legislative procedure of the government rules and regulations of the "larger city".On this basis, there are some problems in the process of establishing, drafting, examining, deciding and publicizing, filing and interpreting the government rules and regulations of "larger cities", especially from the characteristics of the government regulations of "larger cities".It negates the necessity of existing explanation procedure.Finally, in view of the problems existing in the government regulations of "larger cities", it is proposed that, on the one hand, the existing more general legislative procedures should be further refined to make them more operable; on the other hand,According to the different types of rules and specific content of the importance of the different, on the basis of the original procedures, selective application of different procedures.Specifically, for the general regulations, mainly the general creative and executive regulations, a more relaxed procedure shall be applied, that is, the procedures for establishing a project, drafting, examining, deciding on and making public, and filing for the record,The record keeping supervision procedure here is a pluralistic supervision procedure based on filing. For "special" regulations, they mainly concern the creation of regulations concerning the basic rights of citizens and the regulations on major public affairs of the city.Individual legislative procedures should be applied on the basis of looser procedures.It mainly includes the procedure of project approval in the stage of project establishment, the procedure of hearing in the stage of examination, and the procedure of external prior approval in the stage of filing and supervising.The procedure of combining leniency and severity makes the government regulations of "larger city" not only accord with the democratic requirements of its legislation, but also meet the needs of its legislative efficiency, and finally realize the purpose of using the legislative procedure to standardize its rules and regulations.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D920.0;D922.1

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