民初大理院及其民事判解制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 12:25

本文选题：法制变迁 + 民初大理院　；参考：《华东政法大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：大理院的最初设立是由于清末“仿行宪政”、修律变法,它作为近代法制意涵下最高审判机关,享有“统一解释法令权”和“最高审判权”,独立于其他机关之外。这既决定了民初大理院与清末修律之间割舍不断的关系,也表明了对民初大理院总体认识的起点。为此,本文从清末修律对民初大理院的影响开始展开,通过对民初大理院的设立、职权享有、独立审判,尤其是关于判例的运用展开论述,分析了民初大理院民事判解制度的特点、性质,并将民初大理院的民事判解制度与中国传统的判例制度、英美法系的判例法、大陆法系的判例制度进行比较,概括了其对民国民法制定和我国台湾地区现行法制的影响,最后总结了对我国大陆地区当前民事法律制度发展完善的启示。从逻辑结构来看,本文的结构分为四个部分,即：第一部分,主要分析清末修律活动对民初大理院及其活动的影响,这种影响包括催生了中国近代法制意涵下最高审判机关——大理院、近代司法独立观念与制度对民初大理院裁判活动的影响、《大清民律草案》对民初大理院民事裁判活动的影响。第二部分,主要分析民初大理院的设立、内部组织、职权享有和法官独立,进而展开对民初大理院运用判例,对制定法、习惯法和法理等民法渊源适用情形的分析以及对判例运用在法学方法方面意义的阐释,较深入地了解其民事判解制度。第三部分,主要分析民初大理院的民事判解制度的特点、性质,并将该制度与中国传统的判例制度、英美法系的判例法、大陆法系的判例制度进行比较研究,进一步认识这一制度的特殊性。同时还考察了该制度对“民国民法”的制定和对我国台湾地区现行法制的影响。第四部分,主要基于前述对民初大理院及其民事判解制度的考察、分析、研究,总结出对我国大陆地区民事法律制度建设的启示,包括对改进审判独立、统一解释法律和促进民法典制定方面的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The initial establishment of Dali hospital is due to the late Qing Dynasty ", follow constitutional amendments to the law reform, as a modern legal meaning under the highest judicial organ, enjoy the" unified interpretation of law right "and" supreme jurisdiction ", independent of other organs. This is determined by the Dali academy and the late Qing law give up the relationship. It showed that the starting point and Dali Institute of general understanding. Therefore, this article from the late Qing Dynasty to Republic of Dali Academy of law influence began, through the establishment, on the Dali Hospital Authority has independent trial, especially about the case for discussion, analyzes the characteristics, the Dali Institute of civil judicial system. The nature, and the civil judicial system of Dali yuan and China traditional legal precedent system, the case law of Anglo American law system, comparing the continental law system, summarizes its in civil law in China and Taiwan The influence of the current legal system in the region finally summarizes the enlightenment to the development of the current civil legal system in the mainland of China.
From the logical structure, the structure of this paper is divided into four parts, that is:
The first part mainly analyzes the influence of the late Qing Dynasty to Republic of Dali academy and its activities, the effect including the birth of modern legal implications China under the highest judicial organ of Dali hospital, influence of modern idea of judicial independence and the system of the Dali Academy of adjudication, < influence law draft of Qing Dynasty to Republic of Dali Institute of civil > civil judicial activities.
The second part, the establishment of the Dali Institute, mainly analyzes the internal organization, responsibilities and independence of judges, and then expand on the use of Dali Academy of jurisprudence, law, customary law and legal analysis of origin of civil situations and methods in legal interpretation of judicial precedent, a deeper understanding of the civil judgment system.
The third part mainly analyzes the characteristics of the civil judicial system of Dali yuan in nature, and the Chinese system and traditional legal precedent system, the case law of Anglo American law system, comparative study of continental law system, the particularity of further understanding of this system. At the same time also examines the development of the system of the civil law of the Republic of China "and the Taiwan area of our country the existing legal effect.
The fourth part is mainly based on the on the Dali school and civil judicial investigation, system analysis, research, summed up the construction of the civil legal system in mainland China's enlightenment, including the improvement of judicial independence, law and promote the formulation of civil code reference.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D925.1

【相似文献】