论“大义灭亲”制度

发布时间：2018-04-30 08:40

本文选题：大义灭亲 + 亲亲相隐　；参考：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：中华民族是一个讲究中庸之道,崇尚和谐的的民族,当家庭伦理与政治伦理发生冲突时,我们祖先并不是简单的将利益归为其中一方,而是通过调节,在政治伦理和家庭伦理的利益分配取到一个平衡,使得各方都可以得到一些利益,减少双方之间的矛盾,达到一个和谐共赢的局面。而我国的古代统治者们一般是在不影响统治的前提下,尽可能的给予被统治者相应的利益,也就是在不影响统治的大原则之下,也相应的重视家庭。伦理和政治伦理并不是完全重合的,但是二者也不是完全矛盾的。如何找到这二者的平衡点,使最终利益实现最大化,一直是立法者的目标。尽管在古代社会,制定法律的真正目的是,是维护统治者的统治,但我国的家庭是社会的基础,而亲情是家庭的关键,不考虑家庭伦理的法律会动摇社会的组成基础,最终危害到统治者的统治。所以古代的立法者经过权衡利弊,在不危害其根本通知的基础上,利用“亲亲相隐”等手段规范了“大义灭亲”制度的适用,减少了该制度滥用所产生的弊端。尽管今天的立法目的已经和古代不同,但古人这种均衡各方利益,达到多方共赢的思维模式,对于我们实现社会的和谐,减少矛盾的发生,依然有着积极地参考价值。本文分五部分回顾了我国的“大义灭亲”制度,并且为构建新背景下的我国“大义灭亲”制度提出了建议：第一部分,“大义灭亲”制度的概述。主要内容是“大义灭亲”制度的出处与含义,古今学者对该制度的看法,以及作者认为应当如何看待这个制度。第二部分,“大义灭亲”制度的规范化。介绍了各个历史时期规范“大义灭亲”制度的立法情况,并且介绍了规范“大义灭亲”制度的具体措施和这种做法的理论基础。第三部分,中外法律制度对比。通过比较,分析对比我国规范“大义灭亲”制度的做法和西方的亲属拒证权之间的区别。第四部分,当代“大义灭亲”制度存在的问题。通过反思苏联模式存在的问题,反思“大义灭亲”制度对当今社会生活带来的影响。第五部分,构建新背景下的我国“大义灭亲”制度。分析移植西方法律制度存在的问题,评价河北高院所进行的立法活动,继承适合当今社会的传统制度,对构建新背景下的我国“大义灭亲”制度提出一些自己的看法。
[Abstract]:The Chinese nation is a nation that stresses the middle course and advocates harmony. When family ethics and political ethics conflict, our ancestors did not simply classify interests as one of them, but through regulation. In the distribution of the interests of political ethics and family ethics a balance can be achieved so that all parties can obtain some benefits reduce the contradictions between the two sides and achieve a harmonious win-win situation. And the ancient rulers of our country are generally in the premise of no influence on the rule, as far as possible to give the corresponding benefits to the governed, that is, under the principle of no influence on the rule, also pay attention to the family. Ethics and political ethics are not completely overlapped, but they are not completely contradictory. How to find the balance between the two and maximize the ultimate benefit is always the goal of the legislator. Although in ancient times the real purpose of making laws was to preserve the rule of the ruler, the family in our country was the foundation of society, and kinship was the key to the family. Laws that did not take into account family ethics would shake the foundation of society's composition. Ultimately endangering the ruler's rule. Therefore, after weighing the advantages and disadvantages, the ancient legislator, on the basis of not harming its fundamental notice, standardized the application of the system of "eliminating relatives with great righteousness" by means of "mutual concealment of relatives and kin", and reduced the malpractice caused by the abuse of this system. Although the legislative purpose of today is different from that of ancient times, the ancients still have a positive reference value for us to realize social harmony and reduce the occurrence of contradictions by balancing the interests of all parties and achieving a win-win thinking mode. In this paper, the author reviews the system of "Dazyi killing relatives" in China in five parts, and puts forward some suggestions for the construction of the system under the new background. The first part is an overview of the system. The main contents are the origin and meaning of the system, the views of ancient and modern scholars on the system, and the author's opinion on the system. The second part is the standardization of the system. This paper introduces the legislative situation of standardizing the system of "denials in Dayi" in each historical period, and introduces the concrete measures and the theoretical basis of standardizing the system of "extermination of relatives in Dayi". The third part, the comparison of Chinese and foreign legal systems. Through comparison, the paper analyzes and compares the differences between the practice of standardizing the system of denials of relatives in China and the right of refusal of certificate by relatives in the West. The fourth part is about the problems existing in the contemporary system of "eliminating relatives by justice". This paper reflects on the problems existing in the Soviet model, and the influence of the system of "desolation of relatives" on the social life. In the fifth part, we construct the system of "extermination of relatives" in our country under the new background. This paper analyzes the problems existing in transplanting the western legal system, evaluates the legislative activities carried out by the Hebei High Court, inherits the traditional system suitable for the present society, and puts forward some views on the construction of our country's system of "righteous extermination of relatives" under the new background.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D924

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