密尔自由主义法律思想评析

发布时间：2018-05-02 12:36

本文选题：自由主义 + 自由　；参考：《湖南大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：密尔是19世纪英国著名的自由主义思想家,其思想是时代与人生的哲学反映。他的自由主义思想继承了传统自由主义的思想内核,但又立足于当时具体的政治社会环境,为民主时代的个人自由做出了最充分的辩护。他担心“多数人暴政”,担心社会的整齐划一与舆论专制,主张思想自由、个性解放与保持社会的多样性,并且将自由、个性与社会进步有机的结合起来。密尔的自由哲学体系存在着自由与功利之间内部张力,但他对自由的理解是多元和立体的,不仅将自由做为一种达至社会进步的手段,而且将自由至于最终的目的,成功的化解了其自由主义法律思想体系中的自由与功利之间的逻辑冲突,为维护个人自由这一传统自由主义的核心理念发出了最振聋发聩的声音。作为自由主义史上承前启后的思想家,密尔善于不断结合历史发展的规律与经验提升自己的思想深度。针对古典自由主义在理论与实践上面临的历史困境与道德难题,他亲身参与政治实践,勇于反思当下,对当时自由社会的代议民主制与经济基础这两个方向提出理论上的修正,从而让自己的自由主义理论变得更加生动丰满和饱含深情。这个修正成就了古典自由主义向新自由主义的过渡。当前中国正处于社会转型期,而密尔自由主义法律思想对处于这一大背景下的我国法制建设与完善具有重要启示意义。
[Abstract]:Mill is a famous British liberalism thinker in the 19 th century, whose thought is the philosophical reflection of time and life. His liberal thought inherited the core of traditional liberalism, but based on the specific political and social environment at that time, he made the most full defense for the individual freedom in the democratic era. He was worried about "tyranny of the majority", about the uniformity of society and the autocracy of public opinion, advocated the freedom of thought, the liberation of individuality and the preservation of social diversity, and organically combined freedom, individuality and social progress. There is an internal tension between freedom and utilitarianism in Mill's system of liberal philosophy, but his understanding of freedom is pluralistic and three-dimensional, not only as a means to social progress, but also as the ultimate goal. It successfully resolves the logical conflict between freedom and utilitarianism in his legal system of liberalism, and makes the most enlightening sound for the maintenance of personal freedom, which is the core idea of traditional liberalism. As a thinker in the history of liberalism, Mill is good at improving his ideological depth by combining the law and experience of historical development. In view of the historical dilemma and moral difficulties faced by classical liberalism in theory and practice, he took part in political practice, dared to reflect on the present, and put forward theoretical amendments to the two directions of representative democracy and economic foundation of the free society at that time. In order to make their own theory of liberalism more vivid and full of deep feelings. This amendment made the transition from classical liberalism to neoliberalism. At present, China is in the period of social transformation, and Mill's liberal legal thought is of great significance to the construction and perfection of China's legal system under this background.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D09;D909.561

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