案例指导制度的运作基础

发布时间：2018-05-18 21:40

本文选题：案例指导制度 + 指导性案例　；参考：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国现已实行的案例指导制度，其实质就是将法官的经验与智慧集于一体的案例系统化、规范化并上升为一种鲜明的制度，以充分发挥指导性案例对司法审判的作用，这是遵循司法审判必然规律的结果。建立案例指导制度是当前司法改革的一项重要举措和任务。在以制定法为特色的现代中国法律制度中，司法审判工作中要引入带有判例法色彩的中国式“案例指导制度”，是一项前所未有的工作。这其中包含着许多重大的观念变革和制度变革。如何建立一套既能保持制定法传统、又能借鉴判例法制度的审判方式，需要我们作出认真而细致的调查和研究。本文试从立法、司法层面以及判例法制度之比较和当代法律全球化趋势的基础上，结合我国的基本国情，对我国案例指导制度的运行基础进行了详细论证。笔者以“案例指导制度”为研究视域，，着力解决两个层面的问题:一是理论层面的定位与运作基础问题;二是实践层面的障碍问题与完善。全文由四部分组成，即引论、案例指导制度内涵与定位、案例指导制度的运作基础、案例指导制度的完善及展望。引论：本文研究的思路与方法。文章从对构建案例指导制度的应然层面的研究出发，通过比较中外相关制度的内在机理与外部生成语境，以及对我国现行“案例公布”制度的实证考察，阐释我国案例指导制度构建的现实意义。在此基础上，重点探讨我国案例指导制度微观层面的问题，包括案例指导制度的创建、运作和我国司法相关制度的改革与完善等问题。第一章：我国案例指导制度概述。本章首先对案例指导制度的概念、性质进行了明确的界定。其次，具体论述了案例指导制度的定位、效力及意义，并与判例法、司法解释和法官造法进行了比较，为下文的论证做好了必要的准备。从案例指导制度的性质来看，案例指导制度不属于法官“造法”的制度，而是一种适用法律的活动和制度。案例指导制度是通过案例来提示法官在法律规定不够清晰时，必须接受案例的“指导”，以对当前正在审理的案件做出更为恰当的法律适用，因而其作用在于正确解释和适用法律。从效力定位上看，指导性案例不具有正式的法律约束力，但是它具有审判实务方面指引、导向的实际影响和具体、明确的指导作用，即具有事实上的拘束力。第二章：我国建立案例指导制度的运作基础。该章主要从中国法文化、法律全球化、现实的法律规定以及我国审判管理体制这四个方面进行了详细阐述和分析，笔者认为在我国实施案例指导制度是有着深厚历史传统和现实基础的。这就为该制度有效运作提供了良好有效的保障。第三章：我国案例指导指导制度的展望。首先，论述了构建我国案例指导制度实施一年以来在理论和实践中存在的问题进行了分析，对如何进一步完善该制度及其发展前景进行了展望。
[Abstract]:The essence of the case guidance system in our country is to systematize and standardize the cases of judges' experience and wisdom, and to develop the guiding cases into a distinct system, so as to give full play to the role of guiding cases in the administration of justice. This is the result of following the inevitable law of judicial trial. Establishing case guidance system is an important measure and task of current judicial reform. In the modern Chinese legal system characterized by statutory law, it is an unprecedented task to introduce the Chinese "case guidance system" with the color of case law into the judicial work. There are many important changes in concept and system. How to establish a set of trial methods which can not only maintain the tradition of statutory law but also draw lessons from the system of case law requires us to make a careful investigation and study. On the basis of the comparison of legislation, judicial level, case law system and the trend of globalization of contemporary law, this paper makes a detailed demonstration of the operating basis of the case guidance system in our country in combination with the basic national conditions of our country. The author takes the "case guidance system" as the research field of view and tries to solve the problems at two levels: first, the basic problem of positioning and operation at the theoretical level; secondly, the obstacle problem and perfection of the practical level. The thesis consists of four parts: introduction, connotation and orientation of case guidance system, operation basis of case guidance system, perfection and prospect of case guidance system. Introduction: the thought and method of this paper. Starting from the study of constructing the case guidance system, this paper compares the internal mechanism and external generative context of the relevant systems at home and abroad, as well as the empirical investigation of the current "case announcement" system in China. Explain the practical significance of the construction of China's case guidance system. On this basis, this paper focuses on the microcosmic aspects of China's case guidance system, including the establishment and operation of the case guidance system and the reform and improvement of the relevant judicial system in China. Chapter one: summary of China's case guidance system. This chapter firstly defines the concept and nature of case guidance system. Secondly, it discusses the orientation, effectiveness and significance of the case guidance system, and compares it with case law, judicial interpretation and judge law, which makes necessary preparations for the following argument. Judging from the nature of the case guidance system, the case guidance system does not belong to the law making system of judges, but is an activity and system applicable to the law. The case guidance system is used to remind judges that if the law is not clear enough, they must accept the "guidance" of the case in order to make a more appropriate legal application to the cases currently being tried. Therefore, its function lies in the correct interpretation and application of the law. From the perspective of validity orientation, the guiding case does not have the formal legal binding force, but it has the practical influence and the concrete and clear guidance function of the guidance in the trial practice, that is, it has the de facto binding force. Chapter two: the operation foundation of establishing case guidance system in our country. This chapter mainly elaborates and analyzes the four aspects of Chinese legal culture, legal globalization, realistic legal regulations and our country's trial management system. The author believes that the implementation of case guidance system in China has a profound historical tradition and realistic foundation. This provides a good and effective guarantee for the effective operation of the system. Chapter three: the prospect of China's case guidance system. First of all, it discusses the problems existing in the theory and practice since the implementation of the case guidance system in China for one year, and looks forward to how to further improve the system and its development prospects.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D920.4

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