论我国法的附则的规范结构

发布时间：2018-06-16 09:46

本文选题：法的附则 + 规范结构　；参考：《山东大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：成文法,特别是现代成文法,就其内容的结构和安排来说,通常包括总则、分则和附则三个部分。由于自身内容的限制和立法技术的安排,条文有限的附则一般安置在成文法最后的位置,所以一直没有引起立法者的重视,也缺乏相应的理论研究,导致附则质量不尽如人意。存在的主要问题有内容混乱,该有的内容没有,或者被安排到总则、分则里；条文安排不合理,缺少必要的逻辑性；内容表述也不尽完善,出现诸多漏洞,造成法律自身的不完备,给法律的实施制造了障碍。事实上,法的附则并不是可有可无的,其内容中的授权条款、生效日期等都是法典中必不可少的内容,从而对法的有效实施起到了保障作用,并有利于实现实体公平、程序正义等法的价值。针对我国目前法的附则的立法现状及存在的问题,解决之道重在提高立法技术。由于立法是执法、司法、守法的起点,是保证法律自身质量以及顺利实施的关键,提高法的附则的立法技术是构建附则规范结构的必然选择。本文是在翻阅大量法律、法规的基础上,通过实证分析的方法揭示我国法的附则的立法现状,分析其存在的问题,并在此基础上提出完善我国法的附则的立法技术之建议。首先,限定附则的内容范围,附则并非杂则,不是任何内容都可以放入附则的,从而限制某些不合理内容放入附则,提高其内容的科学性；其次,要规范附则内容的立法表述,立法表述作为法律内涵的外部物质形态,其将立法思想、立法宗旨、立法政策、立法价值用严谨、规范、准确的语言表达出来。只有形成严格的立法表述规则,运用好将观念中的立法政策转化为文字符号的唯一途径,才能制造出高质量的“法律产品”；再次,是合理安排条文的逻辑顺序,逻辑反映了思维的清晰程度,合理的逻辑顺序不但符合人们认识事物的规律,也有利于认识、理解法律本身,并有利于法律的施行,从而维护了国家法律体系的有序运转,这一规范的根本属性决定了法律规范必须具备严谨的逻辑顺序。本文写作的目的是探求一条更加简便、高效且规范化的道路,为我国法的附则的制定带来些许启发,从而提高附则的立法质量,为现实的需要提供一定的理论指导。
[Abstract]:In terms of the structure and arrangement of its content, statutory law, especially modern statute, usually includes three parts: general rule, subclause and supplementary provision. Due to the limitation of its content and the arrangement of legislative technology, the limited by-laws are generally placed in the final position of statutory law, so they have not attracted the attention of legislators and lack of corresponding theoretical research, which leads to the unsatisfactory quality of the by-laws. The main problems that exist are the confusion of the content, the fact that some of the contents should not be or are arranged into the general rules and sub-rules; the unreasonable arrangement of the articles and the lack of necessary logic; and the incomplete presentation of the contents, resulting in many loopholes. The law itself is not perfect, creating obstacles to the implementation of the law. In fact, the supplementary provisions of the law are not dispensable. The enabling clauses and the effective date of the law are all indispensable contents in the code, which plays an important role in the effective implementation of the law and is conducive to the realization of substantive equity. The value of law such as procedural justice. In view of the current legislative situation and existing problems of the subsidiary provisions of our country, the key to solve this problem is to improve the legislative technology. Since legislation is the starting point of law enforcement, judicature and law-abiding, it is the key to guarantee the quality and smooth implementation of the law itself, so the legislative technology to improve the subsidiary provisions of the law is the inevitable choice to construct the normative structure of the by-laws. On the basis of reading a large number of laws and regulations, this paper reveals the legislative status of the supplementary provisions of Chinese law through the method of empirical analysis, analyzes the existing problems, and puts forward some suggestions for perfecting the legislative techniques of the supplementary provisions of Chinese law. First, to limit the scope of the contents of the supplementary provisions, the supplementary provisions are not miscellaneous, not any content can be put into the supplementary provisions, so as to limit some unreasonable content into the supplementary provisions, to improve the scientific nature of its content; second, to regulate the legislative expression of the contents of the supplementary provisions, Legislative expression, as the external material form of legal connotation, expresses the legislative thought, legislative purpose, legislative policy and legislative value in precise, standardized and accurate language. Only by forming strict legislative expression rules and using the only way to transform the legislative policy in the concept into literal symbols can we produce high-quality "legal products". Thirdly, it is the logical order of the articles that can be rationally arranged. Logic reflects the degree of clarity of thinking. A reasonable logical sequence not only conforms to the laws of people's understanding of things, but also helps to understand and understand the law itself, and is conducive to the implementation of the law, thus maintaining the orderly operation of the national legal system. The fundamental attribute of this norm determines that the legal norm must have strict logical order. The purpose of this paper is to explore a more convenient, efficient and standardized way, to bring some inspiration to the formulation of the supplementary provisions of Chinese law, thus to improve the legislative quality of the by-laws, and to provide certain theoretical guidance for the needs of reality.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90

【参考文献】