法庭调解语言的合法性研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 12:42

本文选题：法官 + 法庭调解　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：法庭语言研究应成为法学研究中的一个重要组成部分。法庭调解制度的合法性基础的获得,需要考察法官在整个调解过程中的语言运用情况。法官作为调解过程的行为人,依照哈贝马斯的相关理论,其合法性要通过法官语言的客观真实性、主观真诚性以及社会规范正确性获得。法庭调解制度的三大基本原则、共识达成前提下的言语有效性与调解立法的商谈是统一的。本文共分六章,另有引言和结论各一部分。引言部分指出,司法过程的事实性与合法性之间所存在的张力要求我们更多地考察法官的行为合法性,尤其是法庭调解中法官的语言行为合法性。第一章是法庭调解语言及其合法性,介绍本文的选题理由、研究现状、研究内容和方法以及本章小结。法庭调解所具有的各种优势以及当前我国建设和谐社会,都要求我们关注法庭调解制度。同时,法律与语言所具有的紧密关系与研究现状表明,法庭调解语言研究具有重要性和紧迫性。法官在调解过程中的语言运用情况及其合法性,直接决定了整个法庭调解制度的合法性。第二章是关于法官调解语言的客观真实性研究,介绍客观真实性研究的相关理论,分析法官语言运用的真实性策略,包括概念澄清、预设澄清、事实确认、模糊策略和“实话”策略,通过研究法官的“打比方”来考察其在调解过程中的态度与立场。研究表明,调解中的法官运用了不同的真实性策略来达成协议,但是对于该类策略的使用,首先要满足自己言语行为的真实性,同时不应该用自己对事实的判断来取代当事人的看法。第三章是关于法官调解语言的主观真诚性研究,介绍主观真诚性研究的相关理论,分析法官语言运用的真诚性策略,包括“态度”策略、“同情”策略、“服务”策略、“礼貌”策略、“面子”策略以及“题外话”策略,通过研究“背对背”调解、话题控制和话题转移三个方面来考察法官调解的真诚度。研究表明,法官经常试图表达自己对当事人的真诚态度,但是实际调解结果却往往产生了对一方当事人的偏袒,真诚、礼貌与温馨的背后要保证对当事人的中立客观态度。第四章是关于法官调解语言的规范正确性研究,介绍规范正确性研究的相关理论,通过分析法官调解的开始阶段模式和整体模式,考察法官调解过程的规范性建构,法官在调解中可能会错误判断调解的可能性,而且以审判者角色来代替调解者的角色。法官在调解过程中经常“敲打”当事人的现实告诉我们,“法官就是法官”、“法官自己评判”在调解过程中经常出现,并未完全实现调解过程的合法性。第五章考察言语有效性与法庭调解立法的统一问题,言语作为交往行动的沟通媒介,其有效性从本质上是与共识达成、调解制度的三大基本原则以及调解立法的三个层面统一的。法庭调解语言要获得合法性,需要作为调解中间人的法官帮助当事人双方达成共识,在现有调解制度的原则框架下合法运用语言,从而为通过商谈共识论基础上的立法来保障人民主权的实现。第六章考察法庭调解语言立法的可能理由与建议。调解的三原则都最终落脚到法官的具体调解过程之中,调解过程又落脚到法官的言语行为之中,因此法官要首先遵守这三大原则,并将之扩大解释与使用范围,从而对法官的言语行为加以立法。结论部分总结了前文的核心内容,即法官作为法庭调解制度的行为主体,通过客观真实语言的运用、主观真诚语言的运用以及社会规范正确语言的运用,以法庭调解参与者的身份,帮助当事人在法庭调解制度三大原则的基础上实现调解,并获得法庭调解语言的合法性,为法庭调解立法提供了实践的基础。
[Abstract]:The study of the language of the court should be an important part of the legal research. The acquisition of the legitimacy of the court mediation system needs to examine the use of the language in the whole process of mediation. As the actor of the mediation process, the legitimacy of the judge, according to Habermas's theory, is to pass the objective truth of the judge's language. Sex, subjective sincerity and the correctness of social norms are obtained. The three basic principles of the court mediation system are unified under the premise of consensus on the validity of speech and the negotiation of the mediation of the legislation.
This article is divided into six chapters, and the introduction and conclusion each part. The introduction points out that the tension between the fact and the legitimacy of the judicial process requires us to examine the juridical behavior of the judge more, especially the legality of the judge in the court mediation. The first chapter is the court mediation language and its legality, and introduces this article. The reasons for the topic, the research status, the research content and method and the summary of this chapter. The various advantages of the court mediation and the current construction of a harmonious society in our country all require us to pay attention to the court mediation system. At the same time, the close relationship between the law and the language and the research status show that the study of the court mediation language is of great importance and urgency. In the process of mediation, the language usage and legitimacy of judges directly determine the legality of the whole court mediation system.
The second chapter is about the objective truthfulness of the judge's mediation language. It introduces the relevant theories of the objective reality research and analyzes the reality strategy of the use of the judge's language, including the concept clarification, the presupposition clarification, the fact confirmation, the fuzzy strategy and the "truth" strategy, and the study of the state of the mediation process through the study of the "analogy" of the law officer. The study shows that the judges in the mediation use different truthfulness strategies to reach agreement, but the use of this kind of strategy should first meet the authenticity of their own speech acts and should not replace the views of the parties with their own judgment of the facts.
The third chapter is the study of the subjective sincerity of the judge's mediation language. It introduces the relevant theories of the study of the subjective sincerity and analyzes the sincerity strategy of the use of the judge's language, including the "attitude" strategy, the "sympathy" strategy, the "service" strategy, the "politeness" strategy, the "face" strategy and the "question" strategy, through the study of "back to back". Three aspects of mediation, topic control and topic transfer are used to investigate the sincerity of the judge's mediation. The study shows that the judge often tries to express his sincere attitude towards the parties, but the actual mediation results often produce a partial, sincere, courteous and warm heart to the parties' neutral and objective attitude.
The fourth chapter is about the study of the normative correctness of the judge's mediation language and the related theory of the normative correctness of the study. Through the analysis of the initial stage mode and the whole model of the judge mediation, the normative construction of the judge's mediation process is examined. The judge may misjudge the possibility of mediation in the mediation, and take the role of the judge instead. The role of the mediator. In the process of mediation, the judge often "knocks" the reality of the parties to tell us, "judge is a judge", "judge himself judge" in the process of mediation often appear, did not fully realize the legitimacy of the mediation process.
The fifth chapter examines the unification of the validity of speech and the mediation of court mediation. As a communication medium of communication action, the validity of speech is in essence the agreement with the consensus, the three basic principles of the mediation system and the three levels of the mediation legislation. The court mediation language needs to be legalized and needs to be used as a judge to mediate the intermediary. To help the parties to reach a consensus and to use the language legally under the framework of the existing mediation system, so as to guarantee the realization of the people's sovereignty by negotiating the consensus based legislation.
The sixth chapter examines the possible reasons and suggestions of the court mediation language legislation. The three principles of mediation eventually fall into the process of the judge's specific mediation, and the mediation process falls to the judge's speech act. Therefore, the judge should first abide by these three principles and expand the interpretation and use of the judge, so as to add to the judge's speech act. By legislation.
The conclusion part summarizes the core content of the previous article, that is, the judge as the subject of the court mediation system, through the use of objective real language, the use of subjective and sincere language and the use of the correct language of social norms, to mediate the identity of the participants in court, and to help the parties to mediate on the basis of the three principles of the court mediation system. And obtains the legitimacy of the court mediation language, which provides a practical basis for the court mediation legislation.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D916.2;D90-055

【引证文献】