中美深基坑开挖安全法律法规比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 07:53

本文选题：基坑工程 + 安全生产　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：基坑工程是建设项目中的重要组成部分,是建设工程的基础性工程。而在基坑施工过程中面临着众多安全方面的不确定因素,若发生安全事故,会直接影响到后续工程施工计划,并且对项目整体计划也会产生重大影响。中美两国是建筑行业两个不同市场的代表,一个国内基础设施成熟完善,一个正在展开大规模基础设施建设并正走向完善。分析比较中美基坑工程安全法律规范异同,对提高我国建设工程安全管理水平,完善我国建设工程安全生产法律体系有着很大的参考价值。本文首先比较了两国建筑工程的安全生产法律体系,认为我国应当在法律的执行性、权责分配、监督控制方面学习美国经验。然后对中美两国法律中建筑工程安全生产管理方面进行了分析比较,认为两国监督检查制度以及安全生产教育和培训制度互有特点,但我国应当加强市场在安全生产管理中的作用,用市场的方法激励建筑企业不断提供安全生产水平。最后,比较了中美两国基坑开挖在安全标准规范方面一些要求,提出我国应当编制一部揽括基坑工程各个方面的基坑工程安全规范标准集。
[Abstract]:Foundation pit engineering is an important part of the construction project, and is the basic engineering of the construction project. However, in the process of foundation pit construction, there are many uncertain factors in safety. If a safety accident occurs, it will directly affect the construction plan of subsequent projects, and will also have a significant impact on the overall plan of the project. China and the United States are representatives of two different markets in the construction industry, one is mature and the other is developing large-scale infrastructure construction. It is of great reference value to improve the safety management level of construction engineering and perfect the legal system of construction engineering safety in our country by analyzing and comparing the similarities and differences between Chinese and American legal norms of foundation pit engineering safety. This paper first compares the legal systems of construction engineering safety between the two countries, and holds that our country should study the American experience in the aspects of law enforcement, distribution of powers and responsibilities, supervision and control. Then, by analyzing and comparing the aspects of construction engineering safety and production management in the laws of China and the United States, it is concluded that the supervision and inspection systems, as well as the safety education and training systems of the two countries have their own characteristics. However, our country should strengthen the role of the market in the safety production management, and use the market method to encourage the construction enterprises to provide the level of safety production continuously. Finally, the requirements of safety standards for foundation pit excavation in China and the United States are compared, and it is proposed that China should compile a collection of safety standards for foundation pit engineering covering all aspects of foundation pit engineering.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.297;D971.2

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