中国法律法典化的传统、理性与形式研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 16:51

【摘要】：法律的法典化问题是最近几年比较热门的话题，本论文试图从中国法律法典化的传统、理性和形式三个方面进行深入研究，以历史为线索，从中国古代成文法传统形成的原因、表现形式及历史意义入手，发展到鼎盛时期的封建法典，直至晚清中华法系的瓦解，开始学习接受西方大陆法系的近代法典编纂技术，沿着这一历史发展历程，结合时代背景，梳理了中国传统法律的形式变革。以晚清修律为历史分界点，中国开始了法制近代化。近代法典有其内在的理论依据及其完美的表现形式。但近代化并不等于西化，我们要立足国情，法典并不是万能的，它也有其本身的缺陷，所以要从我们国家自身的经济、政治、文化和法律传统中寻找法制现代化的内在基础和发展动力，把国家制定法与其他非正式法渊源结合起来，以适合我们国情的方式构筑我们自己的法制现代化图式。本论文共分四章，各章的主要内容概括如下：第一章主要阐述了中国古代的成文法历史传统以及西式法典对中国传统法律形式的影响。在本章第一节中，作者考察了各个历史朝代立法修律的活动，并在此基础上分析了法典化体例的特点，进而尝试着对法典化这种立法模式的原因进行初步探析并简述其历史意义：第二节分析了晚清时期近代西式法典对中国法律体系的冲击，逐步接受先进的法律文化，对中国传统法律结构进行改造。第二章是全面系统地分析了成文法典的内在理论依据。分别从思想奠基、工具属性以及权威主义三个不同侧面深入分析了近代法典的特征。第一节从思想方面追溯到西方自然法学派的理论，它是法典化运动的价值基础，也对中国的法律发展产生了积极的影响。第二节介绍了法典具有社会改造的工具属性，对国家的政治、法治、经济都会产生巨大的作用。第三节转而分析法典的权威性，详细论述法典权威性的内涵以及构成权威性的条件。第三章是论述成文法典的外在形式特征。本章共分三节。第一节分析法律体系的形式建构，形式主义是一切现代法典的重要特征，第二节介绍法律解释的原因以及法官在法律解释中的作用，并针对目前法律解释实践中出现的问题，提出要健全法律解释和立法监督机制。第三节是深入分析法典运用中“三段论”推理方式，运用具体案例剖析大陆法系的法官在司法实践中的推理过程和具体操作方法。第四章是全文的最后一章，由三个部分组成。第一节论述的是全球化背景下我国立法模式的理性选择，，在继受移植国外法律的同时要注重本土化问题。第二节是说明根据本国国情，在法典化立法模式之外，还有习惯法及判例法两种法律形式，它们可以很好地弥补法典化立法模式的缺陷。第三节是针对法典的固有缺陷，立足现实，构建符合国情和实际的现代法律体系。
[Abstract]:The codification of law has been a hot topic in recent years. This paper attempts to make a thorough study on the tradition, rationality and form of legal codification in China, taking history as the clue and the reasons for the formation of the tradition of Chinese ancient statutory law. Beginning with the form of expression and historical significance, it developed to the feudal code of the heyday period, until the disintegration of the Chinese legal system in the late Qing Dynasty, and began to learn and accept the modern codification technology of the western continental law system, along this historical development course, combined with the background of the times. Combing the form change of Chinese traditional law. Taking the law revision in the late Qing Dynasty as the historical dividing point, China began to modernize the legal system. The modern code has its inherent theoretical basis and its perfect form of expression. However, modernization does not mean westernization. We should base ourselves on our national conditions. The code is not omnipotent. It also has its own shortcomings. Therefore, we should start with our country's own economy and politics. In the cultural and legal tradition, we should look for the inner foundation and development motive force of the modernization of legal system, combine the national statutory law with other informal sources of law, and construct our own schema of the modernization of legal system in a way suitable for our national conditions. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The main contents of each chapter are summarized as follows: the first chapter mainly expounds the historical tradition of the written law in ancient China and the influence of the western code on the Chinese traditional legal form. In the first section of this chapter, the author examines the activities of legislative revision of various historical dynasties, and on the basis of this, analyzes the characteristics of legalization. The second section analyzes the impact of the western code on the Chinese legal system in the late Qing Dynasty and gradually accepts the advanced legal culture. To reform the traditional legal structure of China. The second chapter is a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the internal theoretical basis of the written Code. The characteristics of modern code are analyzed from three different aspects: ideological foundation, instrumental attribute and authoritarianism. The first section traces back to the theory of western natural law school from the thought aspect, it is the value foundation of the codification movement, also has the positive influence to the legal development of China. The second section introduces that the code has the instrumental attribute of social reform, which will play a great role in the politics, rule of law and economy of the country. The third section analyzes the authority of the code in detail. The third chapter discusses the external formal characteristics of the written Code. This chapter is divided into three sections. The first section analyzes the formal construction of the legal system, formalism is an important feature of all modern codes, the second section introduces the reasons of legal interpretation and the role of judges in legal interpretation, and aims at the problems in the practice of legal interpretation. We should improve the legal interpretation and legislative supervision mechanism. The third section is to deeply analyze the reasoning mode of "syllogism" in the application of the code, and use specific cases to analyze the reasoning process and concrete operation methods of the judges in the civil law system in judicial practice. The fourth chapter is the last chapter, which consists of three parts. The first section discusses the rational choice of our country's legislative model under the background of globalization. The second section is to explain that according to the national conditions, in addition to the legislative model of codification, there are two legal forms, customary law and case law, which can make up for the defects of the legislative model of codification. The third section is aimed at the inherent defects of the code, based on the reality, the construction of a modern legal system in line with the national conditions and reality.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D909.2

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