规范性文件异议审查制度研究
发布时间：2018-11-06 20:17
【摘要】：目前,我国的法制建设欠完善,各个领域都需要制定法律来规范,立法任务巨大,难免有些领域出现立法缺位现象,已有的法律也存在规定的过于原则、缺乏具体程序规范的问题,各地政府及部门为了管理社会,制定了许多的规范性文件来进行社会管理,然而由于立法水平的有限性,难免会出现违法的规范性文件,再加上有些地方政府为了地方利益,制定了违法的规范性文件,打着“规范性文件”的幌子实施违法行为,使公民利益受损,破坏了法律的统一。因此有必要对规范性文件进行有效的监督,而异议审查制度是一种低成本、高效率的监督方式,而且从近几年的实践来看,我们也看到公众在规范性文件监督中发挥了巨大的作用。我国虽然已经初步形成了规范性文件异议审查制度,但是该制度还不完善,在具体的实施中出现了很多问题。在立法层面,缺乏统一的立法,各地的具体操作规定的不一致;在程序方面,缺乏统一、全面、科学、具体的程序来保障规范性文件异议审查的实施;此外,在机制方面,缺乏信息公开、回复反馈、救济机制等保障制度来保证该制度的良好运行。针对这些问题,笔者认为应该从以下几个方面完善:一是对规范性文件异议审查制度进行专章立法,在全国范围内制定统一的规范性文件备案审查法,在专门的章节对规范性文件异议审查的审查机构及责任、审查程序及各个阶段的处理期限等作具体、明确的规定;二是完善具体审查程序,构建制定机关前置审查程序和备案机关的复核程序;三是构建公开的审查程序,完善备案审查过程中的信息公开,引入公众参与审查程序;四是构建完善的处理程序,构建健全的反馈机制,明确告知的内容、时限、不及时告知的法律责任,完善相应的救济程序。
[Abstract]:At present, the legal system construction of our country is imperfect, all fields need to make laws to standardize, the legislative task is enormous, it is inevitable that there is a phenomenon of legislative absence in some fields, and the existing laws also have too many principles. Lack of specific procedural norms, in order to manage the society, local governments and departments have formulated many normative documents to carry out social management. However, due to the limited level of legislation, it is inevitable that illegal normative documents will appear. In addition, some local governments, for the sake of local interests, have formulated illegal normative documents and carried out illegal acts under the guise of "normative documents", which have damaged the interests of citizens and damaged the unity of the law. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the normative documents effectively, and the dissent examination system is a low cost and high efficiency supervision method, and from the practice in recent years, We also see that the public has played a great role in the supervision of normative documents. Although China has initially formed the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, the system is not perfect, and many problems have appeared in the concrete implementation. At the legislative level, the lack of uniform legislation, the inconsistency of specific operational provisions in various places, the lack of unified, comprehensive, scientific and specific procedures to ensure the implementation of the dissent examination of normative documents; In addition, in the aspect of mechanism, there is a lack of information disclosure, feedback, relief mechanism and other guarantee systems to ensure the good operation of the system. Aiming at these problems, the author thinks that we should perfect them from the following aspects: first, we should legislate specifically on the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, and formulate a unified law on the filing and examination of normative documents throughout the country. In the special chapter, the review body and responsibility of the dissent examination of normative documents, the examination procedure and the time limit of dealing with each stage, etc., are specifically and clearly stipulated; The second is to perfect the specific examination procedure, to construct the pre-examination procedure and the review procedure of the filing organ, the third is to construct the open examination procedure, to perfect the information disclosure in the record examination process, and to introduce the public participation in the examination procedure. The fourth is to construct the perfect processing procedure, the perfect feedback mechanism, the content, the time limit, the legal responsibility of not informing in time, and perfect the corresponding relief procedure.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D920.4
本文编号：2315356
[Abstract]:At present, the legal system construction of our country is imperfect, all fields need to make laws to standardize, the legislative task is enormous, it is inevitable that there is a phenomenon of legislative absence in some fields, and the existing laws also have too many principles. Lack of specific procedural norms, in order to manage the society, local governments and departments have formulated many normative documents to carry out social management. However, due to the limited level of legislation, it is inevitable that illegal normative documents will appear. In addition, some local governments, for the sake of local interests, have formulated illegal normative documents and carried out illegal acts under the guise of "normative documents", which have damaged the interests of citizens and damaged the unity of the law. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the normative documents effectively, and the dissent examination system is a low cost and high efficiency supervision method, and from the practice in recent years, We also see that the public has played a great role in the supervision of normative documents. Although China has initially formed the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, the system is not perfect, and many problems have appeared in the concrete implementation. At the legislative level, the lack of uniform legislation, the inconsistency of specific operational provisions in various places, the lack of unified, comprehensive, scientific and specific procedures to ensure the implementation of the dissent examination of normative documents; In addition, in the aspect of mechanism, there is a lack of information disclosure, feedback, relief mechanism and other guarantee systems to ensure the good operation of the system. Aiming at these problems, the author thinks that we should perfect them from the following aspects: first, we should legislate specifically on the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, and formulate a unified law on the filing and examination of normative documents throughout the country. In the special chapter, the review body and responsibility of the dissent examination of normative documents, the examination procedure and the time limit of dealing with each stage, etc., are specifically and clearly stipulated; The second is to perfect the specific examination procedure, to construct the pre-examination procedure and the review procedure of the filing organ, the third is to construct the open examination procedure, to perfect the information disclosure in the record examination process, and to introduce the public participation in the examination procedure. The fourth is to construct the perfect processing procedure, the perfect feedback mechanism, the content, the time limit, the legal responsibility of not informing in time, and perfect the corresponding relief procedure.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D920.4
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