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中国古代证人制度及其现代借鉴意义

发布时间:2019-01-06 16:24
【摘要】:我国证人证言制度有着悠久历史。自西周时期最早见于文字记载后,随着中国古代政治、经济、思想文化的演变发展而不断完善。从战国到清朝几千年的封建社会中,由于深受儒家伦理思想的影响,证人证言制度出现独具特色的“亲亲相隐”。从整体来看,古代社会中证人证言制度多有糟粕,证人权利经常被侵犯,被强制关押、刑讯等层出不穷。但其中不乏审判智慧精华和值得借鉴的立法成果,,特别是唐朝颁行的《唐律疏议》,对证人做出详细明确规定;宋代进一步完善相关规定,并在一定程度上保障了证人权益,对当今证人证言发展很有启发和借鉴意义。 当前我国正在经历一个快速转型的社会时期,也是对法治要求不断提高的时期。而当前我国民事诉讼法中对证人证言的规定略显笼统,实际运用中还有很多不完善的地方,如何改进现阶段我国民事审判中证人证言不足的地方已成为一个受关注的热点问题。 本文分四大部分: 第一章,概述从先秦到明清证人证言发展脉络,并举例以分析各朝代证人证言的发展和特色。 第二章,主要介绍唐朝颁行的《唐律疏议》中有关证人证言具体条文规定,总结出《唐律疏议》的出台标志着我国古代证人证言的成熟。宋代进一步完善相关规定,并在保障证人权益上做出突出贡献。 第三章,简要概述当前我国证人证言制度现状并粗略分析其原因。 第四章,在借鉴国外证人证言成果基础上,我们当以古为鉴,吸收古代证人证言中合理、符合时宜的成分来促进当前证人制度的发展。
[Abstract]:The system of witness testimony in China has a long history. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty was first recorded in writing, along with the evolution of ancient Chinese politics, economy, ideological and cultural development and continuous improvement. In the feudal society from warring States to Qing Dynasty for thousands of years, because of the influence of Confucian ethics, the witness testimony system appeared unique "close relatives hidden". On the whole, there are many dross in the system of witness testimony in ancient society, witness rights are often violated, forced detention, torture and so on. But there is no lack of the essence of trial wisdom and the legislative achievements that are worth learning from, especially the Tang Law of the Tang Dynasty, which makes a detailed and clear stipulation on the witness. Song Dynasty further improved the relevant provisions, and to a certain extent to protect the rights and interests of witnesses, the development of witness testimony is very enlightening and reference. At present, our country is going through a period of rapid social transformation, which is also a period of increasing requirements for the rule of law. At present, the provisions on witness testimony in our civil procedure law are somewhat general, and there are still many imperfections in the practical application. How to improve the lack of witness testimony in civil trials has become a hot issue. This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter summarizes the development of witness testimony from pre-Qin to Ming and Qing dynasties and gives examples to analyze the development and characteristics of witness testimony in various dynasties. The second chapter mainly introduces the specific provisions of witness testimony in the Tang Law of the Tang Dynasty, and concludes that the introduction of the Tang Law Disorder marks the maturity of the testimony of ancient witnesses in China. Song Dynasty further improved the relevant provisions and made outstanding contributions to the protection of the rights and interests of witnesses. The third chapter briefly summarizes the current situation of witness testimony system in China and roughly analyzes its reasons. The fourth chapter, on the basis of drawing lessons from foreign witness testimony, we should learn from the ancient times and absorb the reasonable and timely elements in the ancient witness testimony to promote the development of the current witness system.
【学位授予单位】:西南政法大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2012
【分类号】:D929;D925.13

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