裁判可接受性问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 21:03

【摘要】：近年来,法律论证的评价标准逐渐得到较多研究,特别是法律论证可接受性问题的研究成为关注的重点。司法论证又是法律论证的重要组成部分,裁判可接受性问题被法学界普遍关注也就不足为奇。本文的第一部分考察了进行裁判可接受性问题研究所依赖的实践背景和理论背景。实践背景是从申诉、涉诉上访等现象中进行分析,寻找出裁判可接受性真正缺失的司法现实。理论背景主要是指,裁判可接受性问题研究在逻辑学领域并不是新问题,在逻辑学基础上进行研究,对于裁判可接受性问题将会有更清晰的认识。最后,描述裁判可接受性问题研究的现状,列出已有成果,提出需要继续研究的问题。本文的第二部分是裁判可接受性的涵义。在分析前人观点的基础上,揭示出可接受性的涵义及裁判可接受性的涵义。其中,可接受性是指主体和客体之间,主体因客体的内容符合主体的需要而对客体容纳而不拒绝的关系。裁判可接受性是指,法院作出的裁判无论是裁判理由①、裁判事实还是从裁判前提到裁判结论的过程都已经过论证并证成,裁判受众没有理由拒绝裁判结果从而接受裁判,由此表现出来的裁判受众与裁判之间的一种关系。本文第三部分是裁判可接受性的评价标准。运用案例分析法,指出裁判可接受性的评价标准,包括裁判理由可接受性的评价标准(合法性标准和合理性标准)、裁判事实可接受性的评价标准(盖然性占优势标准和排除合理怀疑标准)以及裁判论证可接受性的评价标准(连贯性标准和融贯性标准)。本文的第四部分是裁判可接受性问题的研究意义。裁判可接受性问题的研究,是法律论证理论研究的深化和扩展,并对如何促进法治社会涵义之一的“普遍服从”,指出了方向。本文的第五部分是裁判可接受性的实现,结合我国现实国情,从裁判受众和裁判两个层面指出实现的途径。同时也指出,裁判可接受性的实现不是一蹴而就的,而是需要一个曲折而漫长的过程。最后本文得出的结论是:裁判是法官对自己作出的有关案件事实认定和适用的法律规范及最后的裁判结果进行论证并证成的过程,从而达到说服的目的。因为论证问题的研究在逻辑学领域已经相对成熟,所以法学界所普遍关注的裁判可接受性问题研究,实际上是裁判前提即裁判理由、裁判事实的可接受性问题。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the evaluation criteria of legal argumentation have been gradually studied, especially the study of acceptability of legal argumentation has become the focus of attention. Judicial argumentation is an important part of legal argumentation, and it is not surprising that judicial acceptability has been paid more and more attention by the legal circles. The first part of this paper examines the practical and theoretical background of the research on the acceptability of adjudication. The practical background is to analyze the phenomena such as appeal and petition, and to find out the judicial reality that the acceptability of judgment is really missing. The theoretical background mainly means that the study of referee acceptability is not a new problem in the field of logic. On the basis of logic, there will be a clearer understanding of the problem of referee acceptability. Finally, the present situation of the research on the acceptability of judges is described, the existing results are listed, and the problems that need to be further studied are put forward. The second part of this paper is the meaning of referee acceptability. On the basis of analyzing the previous viewpoints, this paper reveals the meaning of acceptability and the meaning of acceptability of judgment. Among them, acceptability refers to the relationship between the subject and the object, which the subject does not reject because the content of the object meets the needs of the subject. The acceptability of the referee refers to the fact that the judgment made by the court, whether it is the reason of the judgment, the facts of the judgment and the process from the premise of the decision to the conclusion of the decision have been demonstrated and proved that the audience of the referee has no reason to reject the result of the decision and accept the judgment. The third part of this paper is the evaluation standard of referee acceptability. By using the case analysis method, this paper points out the evaluation criteria of the acceptability of the referee's reasons, including the evaluation criteria of the acceptability of the referee's reasons (legitimacy criteria and rationality criteria), the evaluation criteria of the acceptability of the referee's facts (the criterion of probability dominance and the criterion of excluding reasonable suspicion), and the evaluation criteria of the acceptability of the referee's argumentation (the consistency standard and the consistency criterion). The fourth part of this paper is the significance of the study of referee acceptability. The study of the acceptability of adjudication is the deepening and expansion of the theoretical study of legal argumentation, and points out the direction of how to promote the "universal obedience" of one of the meanings of the society ruled by law. The fifth part of this paper is the realization of referee acceptability, combined with the actual situation of our country, from the referee audience and referee two levels to point out the way to achieve. At the same time, it is also pointed out that the realization of referee acceptability is not achieved overnight, but needs a tortuous and long process. Finally, the conclusion of this paper is that the judge is the process in which the judge demonstrates and proves the relevant legal norms and the final judgment results, so as to achieve the purpose of persuasion. Because the study of argumentation has been relatively mature in the field of logic, the research on the acceptability of adjudication, which is widely concerned in the field of law, is in fact the premise of adjudication, that is, the reason of adjudication and the acceptability of judicial facts.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D90-051

【相似文献】