关于我国未成年人刑事检察制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 13:27

本文选题：未成年人　切入点：犯罪　出处：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：未成年人刑事检察制度作为我国未成年人司法制度中不可或缺的组成部分,虽然在一定程度上已经构建,但是相关的研究仍旧停留在审判阶段,也无法满足当前我国未成年人司法制度发展的需求。本文主要是结合相关理论及案例,对我国当前的未成年刑事检察制度的发展背景、现状、存在的问题进行研究,结合未成年人身心特点,探讨未成年人刑事检察制度发展的方向和前景,以期探索出一条同时能够严格执行打击犯罪,保护国家利益和在具体的未成年刑事案件中兼顾到未成年人利益的符合时代发展要求的未成年人刑事检察制度。具体说来,我国未成年人刑事检察制度存在的问题主要有以下一些方面的体现：其一未成年人刑事案件处理专业人才缺失。一些相对优秀的法官没有专门的从事少年刑事案件审理,我国少年法庭名不副实。另一方面,缺失刑事审查专业知识的人才。其二,没有严格贯彻迅速简易的未成年人刑事案件处理原则,不能及时的对未成年人犯罪进行教育、矫治和挽救,就很可能使其犯罪心理及犯罪行为定型,也就会大大的提升这些罪犯重新犯罪的几率。其三,社会调查报告等制度流于形式,未成年人庭审教育没有针对性、缺乏规范性、系统性和科学性,庭前延伸教育也是没有按照程序实现,时断时续,没有真正发挥出调查报告的作用。其四,未成年人不起诉制度不健全,我国现行的刑事检察制度中,并没有对不起诉运行程序作出具体的规定,在实践中也会产生矛盾和冲突。 □针对当前存在的问题,文章探讨了解决存在问题的策略,首先,需要全面提升检察人员的专业素质,加强专门从事未成年人检察工作检察官的遴选,从源头把好质量关,另外也要加强素质的培训。其次,检察机关应该在司法实务中加强对社会调查制度的执行力度,加强创新,不断的完善社会检察制度。再次,我国应该建立健全未成年人不起诉制度,构建完善的未成年人不起诉制度体系。一是要适当的放宽对未成年相对不起诉的条件,二是要完善不起诉决定前的公开审查制度。此外,检察机关必须切实的贯彻执行和完善刑事检察制度相关程序,推动建立健全办理未成年人刑事案件配套工作体系和未成年人犯罪社会化帮教预防体系。最后,必须完善“审判后”的回访帮教制度,更好地解决前科对未成年人罪犯将来学习、就业等方面的不利影响,避免前科带来的负面影响,能够平等的享有与其他正常人一样的权利和机会,使其真正改过自新,回归社会。
[Abstract]:As an indispensable part of the juvenile justice system in our country, the juvenile criminal procuratorial system has been constructed to a certain extent, but the related research is still in the trial stage. Also can not meet the needs of the development of juvenile justice system in China. This paper mainly combines the relevant theories and cases to study the development background, current situation and existing problems of the juvenile criminal procuratorial system in our country. Combining the physical and mental characteristics of minors, to explore the direction and prospects of the development of the juvenile criminal procuratorial system, with a view to exploring a rule that can be strictly enforced in the fight against crime at the same time, To protect the national interests and to take into account the interests of minors in specific minor criminal cases according with the requirements of the development of the times juvenile criminal prosecution system. Specifically, The problems existing in our juvenile criminal procuratorial system are mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, there is a lack of professional personnel in juvenile criminal case handling. Some relatively good judges do not specialize in juvenile criminal cases. On the other hand, talents who lack professional knowledge of criminal examination. Secondly, they have not strictly implemented the principles of handling juvenile criminal cases quickly and simply, and they cannot promptly educate minors on juvenile delinquency. Correction and rescue are likely to stereotype their criminal psychology and criminal behavior, which will greatly enhance the probability of reoffending these criminals. Third, social investigation reports and other systems are mere formality, and juvenile trial education has no pertinence. Lack of standardization, systematicness and scientificalness, extension education before court is also not realized according to the procedure, from time to time, and from time to time, it does not really play the role of investigation report. Fourth, the system of non-prosecution of minors is not perfect. In the present criminal procuratorial system of our country, there is no specific stipulation on the procedure of non-prosecution, and there will be contradictions and conflicts in practice. In view of the existing problems, the article discusses the strategies for solving the existing problems. First, it is necessary to comprehensively upgrade the professional quality of procuratorial personnel, strengthen the selection of procurators specializing in juvenile procuratorial work, and control the quality of procurators from the source. In addition, we should also strengthen quality training. Secondly, procuratorial organs should strengthen the implementation of the social investigation system in judicial practice, strengthen innovation, and constantly improve the social procuratorial system. Again, Our country should establish and improve the system of non-prosecution of minors and the system of non-prosecution of minors. First, we should relax the conditions of relatively non-prosecution of minors. Second, it is necessary to improve the public review system before the decision to not prosecute. In addition, the procuratorial organs must effectively implement and improve the relevant procedures of the criminal procuratorial system. To promote the establishment and improvement of the supporting work system for handling juvenile criminal cases and the system for socializing the help and education of juvenile delinquents. Finally, we must improve the "post-trial" system of return visits and education. To better address the adverse effects of previous convictions on the future study and employment of juvenile offenders, to avoid the negative effects of previous convictions, to enjoy the same rights and opportunities as other normal persons on an equal footing, and to make them truly rehabilitate. Return to society.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.183;D926

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