基层人民法庭纠纷解决机制实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 14:16

本文选题：基层人民法庭　切入点：纠纷解决　出处：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：基层人民法庭是我国司法救济的“最前线”,为什么它的纠纷解决机制让人有研究思考的兴趣?一是,基层人民法院的基层人民法庭在司法实践中解决纠纷的“独特性”、“灵活性”以及“习惯性”让人印象深刻；二是,司法理论(这里指国家颁布的法律正条所指示的直接内容)中规定性的办案方式、方法与现实状态下的基层法官的具体办案的“不同性”让人印象深刻；三是,基层司法纠纷解决之后,民众对纠纷本身所引发的规则理解的“差异性”让人印象深刻。本文以制度分析为框架、以行动研究和心理活动为方法,对当代中国基层司法纠纷解决的现状、制度以及法官和民众对纠纷解决所产生的反作用影响,分别从纠纷解决的一般理论框架、纠纷解决的运行轨迹、纠纷解决的司法功能、纠纷解决的矛盾反思四个方面展开论述,最后对现行的基层人民法庭纠纷解决机制为我国法治事业的贡献上,提出了一些让人思考的改革性问题。引言对研究问题和研究背景作了简要的交代,并引入制度分析的理论框架和行动研究方法。文章的第一部分主要从纠纷解决本身的路径里去把握纠纷解决的一般性理论基础,从纠纷解决本原和本性出发,分析和归纳了纠纷解决机制的一般类型和模式。文章的第二部分以法律实务中具体的某某人民法庭为参照系,客观详细的描述了一个基层人民法庭运行的全部轨迹。文章的第三部分主要从司法的功能着手,在说明为什么当下国家把基层司法的“社会效果“放在首位的同时也反思了一部分长期以来让法学界(特别是研究基层司法领域的学界)担心的问题。文章的第四部分在反思基层司法纠纷解决功能性基础之上,又以在基层司法裁判过程中的一个实例反映出制定法与基层社会习惯的不相融性来进一步的探讨民事习惯在司法纠纷解决过程中所起到的微妙作用。另外,还提出了一个比较引人关注的问题即在当下中国基层司法实践中法治的精神理念(具体指国家立法者在制定法中所表现出来的理念)应该如何贯穿在民众的心中,让其根深蒂固,茁壮成长。
[Abstract]:The grass-roots people's court is the "front line" of our country's judicial relief, why does its dispute resolution mechanism make people have the interest of studying and thinking? First, the "uniqueness", "flexibility" and "habituation" of the grass-roots people's courts in resolving disputes in judicial practice are impressive; second, The method of handling cases specified in the judicial theory (in this case refers to the direct content indicated by the right article of the law promulgated by the state) is impressive from the "different" nature of the specific handling of cases by grass-roots judges in a realistic state; third, After the settlement of judicial disputes at the grass-roots level, the "difference" of the people's understanding of the rules caused by the dispute itself is impressive. This paper takes institutional analysis as the framework, action research and psychological activities as the methods. From the general theoretical framework of dispute resolution, the running track of dispute resolution, the judicial function of dispute resolution, the author analyzes the current situation, system and reaction of judges and the public to dispute settlement in contemporary China, respectively, from the general theoretical framework of dispute resolution, the operational track of dispute resolution, and the judicial function of dispute resolution. This paper discusses the contradictions of dispute resolution in four aspects, and at last puts forward some reform problems on the contribution of the current dispute resolution mechanism of the people's courts at the grass-roots level to the cause of rule of law in our country. The introduction gives a brief account of the research problems and research background, and introduces the theoretical framework and action research methods of institutional analysis. The first part of the article mainly from the path of dispute resolution to grasp the general theoretical basis of dispute resolution, from the origin and nature of dispute resolution, analyzed and summarized the general types and models of dispute resolution mechanism. The second part of the article takes the specific court of the people in the legal practice as the reference frame, and describes in detail all the tracks of the operation of a basic people's court in an objective and detailed way. The third part of the article mainly starts from the function of judicature. While explaining why the country puts the "social effect" of grass-roots justice in the first place at present, it also reflects on some problems that have long worried the legal circles (especially those who study the field of grass-roots justice). The fourth part of the article reflects on the functional basis of judicial dispute resolution at the grass-roots level. Another example in the process of judicial adjudication at the grass-roots level reflects the incompatibility between the formulation law and the social habits at the grass-roots level to further explore the subtle role that civil custom plays in the process of resolving judicial disputes. It also raises the question of how the spiritual concept of the rule of law (specifically the idea expressed by the national legislator in the formulation law) should run through the minds of the public in the current practice of grass-roots justice in China. Let it be ingrained and thrive.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.2

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