中国二元司法模式研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 23:23

本文选题：二元司法模式　切入点：检察权　出处：《中南大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：本文以中国化的马克思主义法律观为指导,运用政治学、宪法学、刑法学、民法学、经济法学、行政法学、诉讼法学多学科知识,立足于中国国情,从政治理论基础、文化历史源流、司法实践传承和改革发展进路等方面,阐明了人民代表大会制度下审判机关与检察机关分享司法权的二元司法模式之科学性和合理性。从组织架构、权力结构、运行方式和完善路径等方面,厘清了中国一元宪政体制下二元司法模式,与西方三权分立宪政体制下审判中心司法模式的结构性差异；通过回应二元司法体制质疑的学术观点,在对司法权配置模式和实践状况进行深入考量的基础上,系统回答了什么是中国特色的二元司法模式,怎样建设完善二元司法模式的问题。第一,中国二元司法模式的概念与基础。主要阐明二元司法模式的概念与内涵,并从马克思列宁主义的人民主权学说和法律监督思想,中国特色的社会主义理论体系关于人民代表大会制度等基本理论和中国的国情基础及历史文化基础等方面,论证该模式的合理性、必要性。第二,中国二元司法模式的形成与发展。主要阐述该模式是建国初期社会主义制度的必然选择,形成于域外借鉴,巩固于实践传承,发展于改革开放,并对这一过程中有关审检并列司法体制和检察权的属性等学术争论进行梳理和回应。第三,中国二元司法模式的组织架构。从二元司法架构的域比较入手,揭示中西司法不同的宪政定位和中西司法机关概念与内涵的差异。从审检并列的宪政依据,审检对应的机构设置,法官检察官管理制度及审检并列的制度价值等方面,论证审检并列的司法体制架构是中国特色的二元司法模式的组织基础。第四,中国二元司法模式的职权配置。从审检职权配置的历史演进入手,对刑事诉讼中的审检职权、民事行政诉讼中的审检职权、非诉讼活动中的审检职权配置进行阐述和分析,论证以实体裁判为特征的审判权和以程序控制为特征的检察权,是中国特色的二元司法模式的两个核心。第五,中国二元司法模式的运行方式。从刑事诉讼之司法运行,民事行政诉讼之司法运行和中国特色的司法运行规律等方面,分析论证以协调配合与监督制约并行、诉讼与诉讼监督同步为特征的司法方式,是中国特色的二元司法模式的价值体现。第六,中国二元司法的模式改革完善。在阐明否定推行审判中心主义学术观点的基础上,对二元司法改革的目标、原则、总体设想和具体对策进行分析阐述,旨在实现二元司法模式的理论研究与司法实践特别是当前正在开展的司法改革对接,为中国特色社会主义司法制度的建设与完善建言献策。
[Abstract]:Under the guidance of Chinese Marxist legal view, this paper applies the multidisciplinary knowledge of political science, constitutional law, criminal law, civil law, economic law, administrative law and procedural law, based on China's national conditions, and on the basis of political theory. The origin of culture and history, the inheritance of judicial practice and the path of reform and development, etc., have expounded the scientific and reasonable dualistic judicial mode of judicial organ and procuratorial organ sharing judicial power under the system of people's Congress, from the organizational structure, power structure, etc. From the aspects of operation mode and perfect path, this paper clarifies the structural differences between the dual judicial model under the monolithic constitutional system of China and the judicial model of the judicial center under the three-power separation constitutional system in the West, and through responding to the academic viewpoint of questioning the dualistic judicial system, On the basis of the deep consideration of judicial power allocation mode and practice situation, this paper systematically answers the question of what is the dualistic judicial model with Chinese characteristics and how to build and perfect the dualistic judicial model. First, the concept and foundation of the dual judicial model in China, which mainly expounds the concept and connotation of the dual judicial model, and from the Marxism-Leninist theory of people's sovereignty and the thought of legal supervision. The theory system of socialism with Chinese characteristics about the basic theory of the people's Congress system and the foundation of China's national conditions and history and culture, etc., proves the rationality and necessity of this model. Second, the formation and development of the dual judicial model in China, which is the inevitable choice of the socialist system in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, which is formed in the extraterritorial reference, consolidated in the practice of inheritance, and developed in the reform and opening up. It also combs and responds to the academic arguments about the judicial system and the nature of procuratorial power in this process. Thirdly, the organizational structure of the dual judicial model in China. Starting with the comparison of the regions of the dual judicial structure, this paper reveals the different constitutional orientation of the Chinese and Western judicial system and the differences in the concept and connotation of the judicial organs between China and the West, and the constitutional basis for the juxtaposition of the trial and inspection. This paper discusses that the judicial system structure of juxtaposition is the organizational basis of the dualistic judicial model with Chinese characteristics, such as the establishment of the corresponding organs, the management system of judges and procurators, and the system value of juxtaposition between the judges and procurators. Fourth, the power allocation of the dualistic judicial mode in China. Starting with the historical evolution of the allocation of the jurisdiction and powers of the trial and procuratorate, the author analyzes the powers and powers of the trial and inspection in the criminal proceedings and the civil administrative litigation. This paper expounds and analyzes the disposition of the power of trial and inspection in non-litigation activities, and proves that the judicial power characterized by substantive adjudication and the procuratorial power characterized by procedural control are the two cores of the dualistic judicial model with Chinese characteristics. Fifth, the mode of operation of Chinese dual judicial mode. From the aspects of judicial operation of criminal proceedings, judicial operation of civil and administrative proceedings and the law of judicial operation with Chinese characteristics, this paper analyzes and demonstrates the coordination and coordination with supervision and restriction. The judicial mode characterized by the synchronization of litigation and litigation supervision is the value embodiment of dual judicial mode with Chinese characteristics. Sixth, the mode reform of dualistic justice in China is perfect. On the basis of expounding the academic viewpoint of negating the pursuit of judicial centralism, this paper analyzes and expounds the objectives, principles, general assumptions and concrete countermeasures of the dual judicial reform. The purpose of this paper is to realize the theory research and judicial practice of dual judicial model, especially the connection of judicial reform that is being carried out at present, and to offer suggestions for the construction and perfection of socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

【引证文献】