新时期人民调解制度的思考

发布时间：2018-05-31 09:01

本文选题：调解 + 人民调解制度　；参考：《兰州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：调解,是人类史上最原始的矛盾纠纷解决方法。人民调解制度,是指作为基层群众性自治组织的人民调解委员会,依据一定的标准,用居中劝说、疏导、教育纠纷当事人的方法,让纠纷当事人自愿达成和解协议的活动的一项制度。人民调解是现代中国特色的非诉纠纷解决机制。人民调解制度在社会主义革命和建设的过程中得到了不断的发展,并在不同时期对革命和建设发挥了重要作用,被誉为“东方经验”或者“东方一支花”。但是,在中国经济经过多轮飞速发展之后,在党中央提出和确立建设社会主义法治社会、小康社会期间,人民调解制度的作用却在这个时期开始逐渐淡化,其存在的问题开始暴露并制约着整个人民调解制度的发展。在构建社会主义和谐社会的主题下,各地正积极地创新和探索人民调解新机制和运作模式。传统的人民调解制度的问题何在?如何给人民调解注入活力与动力,让其焕发生命力?这些问题都是值得我们研究的一个重要课题。在这种背景下,研究新时期人民调解制度,对人民调解制度提出一些建议,对新时期民间纠纷、基层纠纷的化解工作以及突发性、群体性事件的处置工作,有着举足轻重的意义。本文首先以阐述“原始社会调解的出现”为切入点介绍了调解的产生、概念和特征,转而引入了人民调解制度的概念,并进一步展开介绍了人民调解制度的历史发展和特征。然后,文章进入重点部分,从内在原因和外在原因详细剖析了人民调解制度的现状及存在问题。内在问题方面,文章对基层人民调解的指导脱节、调解员自身素质问题、行政调解和人民调解混同、资金问题的问题等方面进行了深入论述；外在因素方面,文章对市场经济发展的影响、西方法制观念的影响和社会变迁的原因等方面进行了具体的论述。接着,文章详尽地论述了欧美国家、港台地区调解制度的发展以及我国创新人民调解制度的尝试。针对我国人民调解制度存在问题和制约因素,结合新时期矛盾纠纷和人民调解的时代要求,从外国、港台地区先进调解理念以及我国一些地区的调解创新中辩证吸收可供参考的元素。最后,在充分论述人民调解制度的存在问题以及外国、区际和国内的先进理念的基础下,为激活、强化新时期人民调解制度,维护社会大局稳定,本文提出了新时期我国人民调解制度发展的建议。
[Abstract]:Mediation is the most primitive method of resolving conflicts and disputes in human history. The people's mediation system means that the people's Mediation Committee, as a grass-roots mass autonomous organization, according to certain standards, uses the method of intermediate persuasion, and education of the parties to a dispute. A system of activities whereby the parties to a dispute voluntarily reach a settlement agreement. People's mediation is a non-litigation dispute settlement mechanism with modern Chinese characteristics. In the process of socialist revolution and construction, the people's mediation system has been continuously developed, and has played an important role in the revolution and construction in different periods. It is praised as "Eastern experience" or "Oriental flower". However, after many rounds of rapid economic development in China, during the period when the CPC Central Committee proposed and established a socialist society under the rule of law and a well-off society, the role of the people's mediation system began to fade gradually in this period. Its existing problems began to expose and restrict the development of the whole people's mediation system. Under the theme of building a harmonious socialist society, various localities are actively innovating and exploring the new mechanism and operation mode of people's mediation. What is the problem of the traditional people's mediation system? How to inject vitality and power into the people's mediation so that it can radiate vitality? These problems are an important subject worthy of our study. Under this background, we should study the people's mediation system in the new period, put forward some suggestions to the people's mediation system, resolve the disputes among the people in the new period, resolve the disputes at the grass-roots level, and deal with sudden and mass incidents. It is of great significance. This paper first introduces the emergence, concept and characteristics of mediation in the primitive society, and then introduces the concept of the people's mediation system, and further introduces the historical development and characteristics of the people's mediation system. Then, the article enters the key part, analyzes the present situation and the existing problem of the people's mediation system in detail from the internal reason and the external reason. In terms of internal problems, the article discusses deeply the disconnection of the guidance of people's mediation at the grass-roots level, the quality of mediators themselves, the mixture of administrative mediation and people's mediation, the problem of funds, and so on; the external factors, This paper discusses the influence of the development of market economy, the influence of western legal concept and the reason of social change. Then, the article discusses the development of mediation system in Europe and America, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and attempts to innovate the people's mediation system. In view of the problems and restrictive factors existing in the people's mediation system of our country, and in the light of the contradictions and disputes in the new era and the requirements of the times of the people's mediation, from foreign countries, The advanced mediation idea in Hong Kong and Taiwan and the mediation innovation in some regions of China dialectically absorb the elements for reference. Finally, on the basis of fully discussing the problems existing in the people's mediation system and the advanced concepts of foreign, interregional and domestic countries, in order to activate and strengthen the people's mediation system in the new period and maintain the overall social stability, This paper puts forward some suggestions on the development of Chinese people's mediation system in the new period.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

【相似文献】