住房权司法保障的正当性研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 14:22

本文选题：住房权 + 司法保障　；参考：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：适当的住房是人类生存和发展必不可少的物质生活条件，住有所居是人最基本和最重要的生理需求，住房权是人的基本人权。基于此，住房权作为一项基本人权已经在国际范围内获得了广泛的承认，被规定在许多重要的国际公约及各国宪法中。然而，长期以来法学界对于住房权存在错误的认识，学界从理论上反对住房权的司法保障。反对者主要从两种路径来论证住房权的非司法保障性，，即否定住房权的人权属性、法律权利属性，以及根据传统权利二分法片面将住房权归为积极权利。事实上，住房权是消极性与积极性并存的一种基本人权。住房权司法保障理论上的缺乏导致住房权司法实践中的困境，使人们在其住房权遭到侵犯后无法得到适当的司法救济。“无救济即无权利”，司法保障是住房权从纸面上的权利顺利转变成现实权利的必要条件。基于此，加强对公民住房权司法保障的理论研究，在批判传统反对住房权司法保障理论的基础上重新建构住房权司法保障的正当性理论具有重要的意义。具体而言，人权保护理论、权利一体化保护理论、权利救济理论为住房权的司法保障提供了强大的理论支撑。《世界人权宣言》、《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》及其实施规则、一般性意见中关于住房权司法救济的相关规定为住房权的司法保障提供了坚实的法律依据。世界各国法院特别是南非法院在住房权司法实践中的大胆尝试为住房权的司法保障提供了现实基础。总之，住房权的司法保障在理论、法律和实践三个层面都具有正当性。
[Abstract]:Adequate housing is the essential material living condition for human survival and development. Living with housing is the most basic and most important physiological need of human beings, and the right to housing is the basic human rights of human beings. Based on this, the right to housing, as a basic human right, has been widely recognized in the international scope, and has been stipulated in many important international conventions and national constitutions. However, for a long time, there is a wrong understanding of housing rights in the legal circles, which oppose the judicial protection of housing rights theoretically. Opponents mainly from two ways to demonstrate the non-judicial protection of housing rights, namely, deny the human rights of housing rights, legal rights attributes, and according to the traditional dichotomy of the rights of housing rights as positive rights. In fact, the right to housing is a basic human right in which negativity and enthusiasm coexist. The lack of judicial security of housing rights leads to the dilemma in the judicial practice of housing rights, which makes people unable to obtain proper judicial remedy after their housing rights are infringed. "No remedy is no right", and judicial security is the necessary condition for the smooth transformation of housing right from the right on paper to the right of reality. Based on this, it is of great significance to strengthen the theoretical research on the judicial security of citizens' housing rights, and to re-construct the theory of the legitimacy of the judicial security of housing rights on the basis of criticizing the traditional theory against the judicial security of housing rights. Specifically, the theory of human rights protection, the theory of integrated protection of rights and the theory of right relief provide strong theoretical support for the judicial guarantee of housing rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and its implementing rules, The relevant provisions of the general comment on the judicial relief of housing rights provide a solid legal basis for the judicial protection of housing rights. The bold attempts made by the courts of various countries, especially the South African courts, in the judicial practice of housing rights provide a realistic basis for the judicial protection of housing rights. In a word, the judicial protection of housing right has legitimacy in theory, law and practice.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.29;D926

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