检察权配置的制度环境探析

发布时间：2018-10-20 17:49

【摘要】：检察权需要进一步优化配置源于其宪法与宪政地位的张力。检察权配置是指立法机关在一国宪政框架内,按照一定的立法程序,根据传统文化及社会公众领域内生的主观法权诉求,授权检察机关行使特定职权和职责的规范性活动。检察权配置的基本目标是为了更好地实现人民代表大会制度下的权力制约与监督,其终极目标是为了保障人权。检察权的配置必须考量其宪政制度、经济体制、文化传统及法治进程等相关环境因素。从力学的基本原理来看,人民代表大会制度宪政框架下,权力运行不具有双向性,权力运行缺乏动态平衡,制动装置运转失灵,"润滑系统"——公民权利救济系统不完善。我国当前处于法治国进程中的"行政国家"阶段,属于"形式法治"和"社会主义法治"的范畴。在今后相当长的历史时期内,我国法治都将处于从"形式法治"向"实质法治"的转型过程当中,这一法治图景为我们科学、理性地配置公权力和公民权利具有重大的指导意义和实践价值。
[Abstract]:The procuratorial power needs to be further optimized because of the tension between its constitution and its constitutional status. The allocation of procuratorial power refers to the normative activities in which the legislature authorizes the procuratorial organ to exercise its specific functions and duties in accordance with certain legislative procedures and according to the demands of the subjective legal right in the traditional culture and the social public domain within the framework of a country's constitutional government. The basic goal of the allocation of procuratorial power is to better realize the restriction and supervision of power under the system of people's Congress, and its ultimate goal is to protect human rights. The allocation of procuratorial power must take into account the relevant environmental factors such as constitutional system, economic system, cultural tradition and the process of ruling by law. From the basic principle of mechanics, under the constitutional framework of the people's Congress system, the power operation is not bidirectional, the power operation lacks the dynamic balance, the brake operation is out of order, and the "lubricating system"-the relief system for civil rights-is not perfect. At present, our country is in the stage of "administrative state" in the process of ruling the country by law, which belongs to the category of "formal rule of law" and "socialist rule of law". In a long historical period in the future, the rule of law in our country will be in the process of transition from "formal rule of law" to "substantial rule of law". This picture of rule of law is our science. Rational allocation of public power and civil rights has great guiding significance and practical value.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学刑事司法学院;
【基金】：2011年度国家社会科学基金项目“宪法学视野下行政权的检察监督”(11BFX087)阶段性成果
【分类号】：D926.3

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