我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 17:33

本文关键词：我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度研究　出处：《南京大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：股东大会是公司的最高权利机构,亦是股东行使股东权的重要平台。股东大会决议是基于公司股东大会的召开,由持有一定比例股份而享有表决权的股东,按照他们所持有的股份数对股东大会所议事项行使表决权,并按照少数股东服从多数股东的原则(资本多数决原则)将个人意志上升为公司意志,从而形成的公司意思决定。股东大会决议不仅约束公司内部行为,而且对公司对外活动也有一定的影响,既然是公司集体意思的体现,那么其作为一种团体法律行为是实现股东大会机能的重要途径,对于维护广大股东尤其是中小股东的权益、确保公司合法公正的运营而言意义深远。然而在实践中,却常常存在损害股份公司股东大会决议正常效力的法律缺陷,决议程序制度的正义性是确保决议合法有效的基础,违反程序召开股东大会所形成的决议会在一定程度上损害股东及相关利害关系人的合法权益。因而世界各国均对股东大会决议瑕疵救济制度进行了法律规制,我国新《公司法》第二十二条构建了股东大会决议瑕疵的制度框架,将股东大会决议瑕疵分为内容瑕疵和程序瑕疵,鉴于内容瑕疵规定相对完备以及有限责任公司明显的人合性特征,本文将我国股份有限公司股东大会决议的程序瑕疵的救济制度作为主要研究对象。全文共分为四个部分。第一部分,为全文的导论部分,由股东大会决议程序瑕疵的两个典型案例入手,通过整理案件焦点认识到股东大会决议程序正义的重要意义,并立足于我国现行《公司法》的对于股东大会决议程序瑕疵规定相对薄弱和滞后的情况,提出完善我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度的问题。继而介绍了本文的研究目的、研究意义以及研究方法,并通过相关文献的梳理,对国内外学说及立法现状作出分析。第二部分,阐述了股东大会决议程序瑕疵的基本理论,重点研究了股东大会决议的内涵、股东大会决议的程序要件以及股东大会决议程序瑕疵的的分类。明确了股东大会决议的性质为独特新型的团体法律行为；分析了股东大会决议形成所必须的程序要件；其中重点关注了股东大会决议程序瑕疵的表现形式,为后文研究股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度问题奠定理论基础；第三部分,立足我国现行《公司法》法条,介绍了我国现行《公司法》相较于旧公司法时期关于股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度在立法上的突破和进展,并从非司法救济手段的缺失与司法救济手段的不完善两个方面深入分析了我国现行公司立法中关于股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度的立法缺陷。第四部分,在前述三章对股东大会决议程序瑕疵及其救济制度分析的基础上,针对我国《公司法》第二十二规定的薄弱与滞后之处,提出了立法建议。在瑕疵决议的非司法救济制度方面提出确立决议程序瑕疵的豁免制度以及决议程序瑕疵的补救制度；在瑕疵决议的司法救济制度方面提出增设决议不成立之诉、扩大诉讼主体范围、明确裁决的效力范围、建立裁量驳回制度以及完善诉讼股东担保制度五点建议。
[Abstract]:The shareholders' meeting is the highest authority of the company, is also an important platform for shareholders to exercise the shareholder's rights. The resolution of the general meeting of shareholders is held a general meeting of the company based on the proportion of shares held by certain shareholders have the right to vote, in accordance with the number of shares they hold on shareholders' club matters in exercising the right to vote, and the majority of shareholders in accordance with the principle of minority shareholders (the majority rule) of the individual will rise to the company's will, thus forming the company decision. Not only the internal constraint resolution of the general meeting of shareholders, but also have a certain impact on the company's external activities, since it is embodied collective meaning, so as a group legal act is an important way the shareholders meeting function, for the maintenance of the majority of shareholders especially minority shareholders' interests, ensure the lawful operation in terms of far-reaching significance. However, in In practice, the legal defects often decide the existence of damage shares shareholders' meeting normal force, the justice system is the basis to ensure the resolution procedure resolution lawful and effective, in violation of procedures to convene a general meeting of shareholders by the formation of the resolution to a certain extent will damage the shareholders and related interests of the legitimate rights and interests of the shareholders. Therefore, all countries in the world General Assembly resolution flaws relief system by law, law > twenty-second China new < company constructs the institutional framework of the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders, the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders is divided into content defect and procedure flaw, given the content of obvious defects under relatively complete and limited liability company of characteristics, the resolution I Limited by Share Ltd's shareholders procedural flaws relief system as the main research object.
The full text is divided into four parts.
The first part is the introduction part of the thesis, starting from the two typical cases of defective resolution of the general meeting of shareholders program, through the important significance of finishing the focus of the case to recognize the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders of procedural justice, and based on the current situation of < Company Law > for the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders program defects under relatively weak and backward, put forward a sound our shareholders General Assembly resolutions procedural flaws relief system problems. Then introduces the research purpose, research significance and research methods, and through the literature review, the domestic and foreign theories and legislative status analysis.
The second part expounds the basic theory of the resolution of the shareholders general assembly program defects, focusing on the connotation of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, the shareholders' meeting resolution procedure and classification procedure defects of the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders. The nature of the Shareholders General Assembly resolutions for group legal act unique model; program analysis of elements in the resolutions of the shareholders' meeting must be formed the form of expression; which focus on the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders procedural defects, which lays the theoretical foundation for the study of the general meeting of shareholders resolution procedure defect relief system;
The third part, based on China's current "Company Law > law, introduced China's current" company law "compared to the old company law period on the resolution of the shareholders' meeting program flaws relief system in legislation breakthroughs and progress, and the means of relief from non judicial deficiencies and means of judicial relief is not perfect two aspects analysis of the legislative defects on the resolution of the shareholders general assembly program flaws relief system in the legislation of our current company.
The fourth part, based on the analysis of the three chapter of the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders program defects and relief system, according to the provisions of law > twenty-second China < the company's weak and lag, put forward legislative proposals. The proposed establishment of defective resolution procedures exemption system and resolution procedure defect remedy of defective resolution in non judicial relief system; proposed the creation of resolution unestablishment v. in the defective resolution of the judicial relief system, expand the scope of litigation subject, the scope of validity of clear verdict, dismissed the establishment of discretion system and improve shareholder litigation guarantee system five suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【参考文献】