有限责任公司股权转让中章程自治的界限

发布时间：2018-01-06 21:21

本文关键词：有限责任公司股权转让中章程自治的界限　出处：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根据我国现行《公司法》的规定,有限责任公司章程对股权转让有一定自治权。但是,《公司法》并未明确有限责任公司章程该种自治权的界限,在实践中,有限责任公司章程关于股权转让的规定又是多种多样的,法院所判决的效力也不尽相同。因此,有限责任公司股权转让中章程自治的界限则需要探讨。本文将以研究有限责任公司章程关于股权转让自治的界限为目的。在搜集大量相关案例的基础上,本文对司法实践中有限责任公司章程在股权转让方面的内容分成三类,即禁止股权转让条款、强制股权转让条款、股权转让须经股东会或董事会通过条款,再分别分析各类条款的效力及判定理由,总结出该类规定司法判定的标准。关于禁止股权转让条款。有限责任公司为了维护公司结构的稳定,可以规定高管或发起人在一定时期里禁止转让其股权或者禁止股权对外转让,但不能完全禁止股东转让股权,因为股权作为一种特殊的财产权利,具有一定的流通性,其流通的程度越高,经济价值也就越高。同时,转让股权作为股东收回出资,退出公司的主要方式,不能被剥夺。关于强制股权转让条款。有限责任公司同样具有合理预期,为了维护其人合性,该公司章程可以规定持股职工离职后必须转让其股权,但不能强制指定将股权转让给有限责任公司以外的第三人,除非该第三人为其他股东信任之第三人,并且,强制转让股权的价格必须合理。关于股权转让须经股东会或者董事会通过条款。在我国,有限责任公司股东会与董事会的职权除了《公司法》上具体罗列的事项,还包括公司章程规定的事项。因此,公司章程可以赋予公司股东会或董事会通过股权转让的权力,对于股东会或董事会不同意转让的股权,公司必须保证欲转让股权的股东有退出公司的其他途径。最后,总结出判断有限责任公司股权转让中章程自治条款效力的标准,即有限责任公司章程中股权转让的规定必须出于合理目的,其内容不能违反法律的强制性规定或社会公共利益、不能完全禁止股权转让,并且,股东知道或应当知道该规定。
[Abstract]:According to the provisions of China's current "company law", the articles of association of the limited liability company equity transfer has certain autonomy. However, the company law does not explicitly limit < > Association of the limited liability company, this kind of autonomy, in practice, limited liability company on the stock transfer rules is various, validity of judgment the courts are not the same. Therefore, the boundaries of the autonomy of the equity transfer of limited liability companies in the need to explore. This paper will study the boundaries with limited liability company equity transfer on autonomy for the purpose. Based on collecting a large number of related cases, the limited liability company in the judicial practice in the constitution of the equity transfer the content is divided into three categories, namely the prohibition of equity transfer clauses, compulsory equity transfer terms, equity transfer must be approved by the shareholders or the board of directors by the terms, then analyses the validity of various terms and the judgment theorem By, summed up the rules of judicial determination standards. On the prohibition of the equity transfer clauses. The limited liability company in order to maintain the company structure stability, can provide executives or promoters in a certain period of time was forbidden to transfer the shares or prohibit the transfer of foreign equity, but can not be completely banned because shareholders transfer of equity, equity as a kind of special property rights, has a certain liquidity, the higher the degree of circulation, economic value is higher. At the same time, the transfer of shares as a shareholder to recover the investment, the main way to exit from the company, can not be deprived. A strong system of equity transfer clauses. Limited liability company also has reasonable expectations, in order to maintain its integrity, the the articles of association of the company may be holding employees must transfer the shares after the departure, but not compulsory designated equity will be transferred to other limited liability company third, unless the third people He is the third shareholders of the trust, and forced the transfer of ownership of the price must be reasonable. On the transfer of shares to the shareholders' meeting or board of directors through the terms. In our country, matters of shareholders of a limited liability company with the authority of the board of directors in company law on the specific list < >, also include the matters prescribed in the articles of association. Therefore the articles of association of the company, can give the company shareholders or the board of directors through the equity transfer of power to the shareholders or the board of directors does not agree to the transfer of shares, the company must ensure that for the transfer of shareholders there are other ways to exit the company. Finally, summed up to determine the autonomy of the terms of transfer of shares in limited liability company effectiveness standard, namely provisions Zhang Chengzhong shares transfer of limited liability company must be rational, its content does not violate the mandatory provisions of the law or the public interest of the society, can not completely prohibit the transfer of shares, And the shareholders know or should know the rules.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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