公司法中的契约自由——以股权处分抑制条款为视角

发布时间：2018-01-31 03:00

本文关键词： 股权处分抑制条款组织交易公司自治股东自治　出处：《中国社会科学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在个体法与团体法的不同视角下,股东权利处分不仅体现为个人财产权处分,更被视为公司组织体的交易行为。股权处分行为已经超越民法上的契约交易,呈现出商事法上组织交易的特征。公司章程及立法中普遍存在股权处分抑制条款,这正是股东意志自我约束和来自公司团体意志乃至社会公共意志限制的反映,体现了股东与公司之间复杂的意志关系。组织交易的特殊性决定了简单地套用合同理论处理与商事组织有关的商事纠纷具有局限性。公司法上自治界分的实质是维护组织体信赖关系的和谐、追求组织治理稳定与实现法益平衡。无论是立法还是司法均应在强调股东自治优先的同时保证法律的底线,妥当地处理好处分股东与其他股东、公司、债权人的利益冲突和平衡。
[Abstract]:Under the different perspectives of individual law and group law, shareholder's right punishment is not only the disposition of individual property rights, but also the transaction behavior of corporate organization. The disposition of stock right has exceeded the contract transaction in civil law. It presents the characteristics of organizing transaction in commercial law. The articles of association and legislation of the company generally contain the restraining clause of the disposition of shares, which is the reflection of the self-restraint of the shareholders' will and the restriction of the will of the company as well as the public will of the society. The particularity of organizational transaction determines the limitation of simply applying contract theory to deal with commercial disputes related to commercial organization. The essence of autonomous division in company law is. Maintain the harmony of the trust relationship of the organization. Pursue the stability of organizational governance and achieve the balance of legal interests. Both legislation and judicature should emphasize the priority of shareholder autonomy at the same time to ensure the bottom line of the law and properly deal with the punishment of shareholders and other shareholders, companies. Conflict of interest and balance of creditors.
【作者单位】：武汉大学法学院;
【基金】：教育部2014年重大攻关项目“我国债券市场建立市场化法制化风险防范体系研究”(14JZD008)资助
【分类号】：D922.291.91
【正文快照】： 随着中国市场改革进程的不断推进,“合同即正义”、“契约乃当事人之间的法律”成为多数法律人的信条。民商法中的许多法律制度开始参照合同理论来进行解释,合同逻辑开始出现了向物权法乃至身份法的“外溢”效应。合同理论的扩张在公司法中体现得尤为明显,公司法的合同解释成

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