论公司机会之认定

发布时间：2018-03-15 19:48

本文选题：公司机会　切入点：公司机会的认定　出处：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公司机会认定是公司机会规则的一个重要命题，公司机会规则的重点与难点往往就在于如何来认定某一项商业机会应当属于公司而不是属于董事，但对于公司机会认定究竟应采何种标准，即便是公司机会规则发展日趋成熟的英美判例法上，就此问题亦是众说纷纭、莫衷一是。2005年我国公司法修改将公司机会规则予以引入，虽在一定程度上丰富了董事忠实义务的构成体系，但同时也存在着诸多不足之处，特别是公司机会认定标准的缺失以及公司机会例外规定的不够全面，使得这一规则缺乏起码的可操作性。故而，本文即试图在综合运用多种研究方法并借鉴美国、英国等国家判例理论的基础之上，以寻求适合我国现实的公司机会认定规则。本文包括引言、正文和结语。其中，正文结构如下：第一章是对公司机会内涵与外延的概述。一方面就内涵介绍了公司机会的概念、特征，并对其法律性质作了尝试性的分析；另一方面就外延阐述了公司机会的其中两种分类，即成熟公司机会与非成熟公司机会、有利机会与风险机会，，并重在说明了区分的意义。第二章是对公司机会规则的核心命题即公司机会认定标准的具体探讨。首先是对判例法上公司机会认定标准的发展历程的回顾：即由利益与期待利益标准、经营范围标准、公平标准等这样一些单一性的标准逐步过渡到两步分析法、双重标准、不同公司不同标准等这样一些混合性的标准，并经由比较分析，从不同的标准中提取出了具有启发意义、具有借鉴价值的关键点。继而，在对利益与期待利益标准予以完善的过程中，一并融合了经营范围标准等其他标准的可取之处，进一步提出了对于公司机会认定标准的一个新设想即利益与或然利益标准。第三章是对公司机会认定例外事由的探讨。分别就公司未置可否的机会、公司不愿利用的机会、公司无力利用的机会以及自己机会进行了考究，试图实现公司机会便宜利用与董事忠实义务的统一。同时着重强调了程序上的正当性即董事事先披露义务与公司同意规则是构成公司机会之例外不可背离的前提。第四章是关于我国公司机会认定规则漏洞之填补。首先就立法与司法适用层面分析我国公司机会认定规则的现状、存在问题，其次就我国公司机会认定标准的重构以及完善公司机会例外事由的规定提出了一些看法。
[Abstract]:Corporate opportunity recognition is an important proposition of corporate opportunity rules. The emphasis and difficulty of corporate opportunity rules often lie in how to decide that a business opportunity should belong to a company rather than a director. However, as to what standard should be adopted for corporate opportunity determination, even in Anglo-American case law, where the corporate opportunity rules are maturing day by day, there are different opinions on this issue. In 2005, our company law was amended to introduce the corporate opportunity rules. Although to some extent has enriched the director faithful duty constitution system, but also has many deficiencies at the same time, especially the lack of the company opportunity recognition standard and the company opportunity exception stipulation is not comprehensive, Therefore, this paper tries to find out the rules of corporate opportunity identification which suit the reality of our country on the basis of comprehensive application of various research methods and drawing lessons from the jurisprudence theory of the United States and the United Kingdom and other countries. This paper includes introduction, text and conclusion. Among them, the structure of the text is as follows:. The first chapter is an overview of the connotation and extension of corporate opportunity. On the one hand, it introduces the concept and characteristics of corporate opportunity, and makes a tentative analysis of its legal nature; on the other hand, it expounds two categories of corporate opportunity. That is, mature company opportunity and immature company opportunity, favorable opportunity and risk opportunity. The second chapter is the concrete discussion of the core proposition of the rules of corporate opportunity, namely, the standard of corporate opportunity. First, the review of the development of the standard of corporate opportunity in case law: the standard of interest and expectation, the standard of business scope. The standards of fairness and uniformity are gradually transitioning to mixed standards such as two-step analysis, double standards, different standards of different companies, and through comparative analysis, they are abstracted from different standards that are instructive. Then, in the process of perfecting the standard of interest and expectation, we combine the merits of other standards, such as the standard of business scope, Furthermore, a new assumption of the criterion of corporate opportunity identification is put forward, that is, the standard of interest and contingent interest. The third chapter is the discussion of the reasons for the company's opportunity to identify exceptions. This chapter discusses the opportunities that the company does not want to take advantage of, the opportunities that the company is unwilling to take, the opportunities that the company is unable to take advantage of, and its own opportunities. This paper tries to realize the unity between the cheap utilization of the company's opportunity and the director's duty of loyalty, and emphasizes the legitimacy of the procedure, that is, the director's prior disclosure obligation and the company's consent rule are the premise which constitutes the exception of the company's opportunity and cannot be deviated from. Chapter 4th is about how to fill the loophole in the rules of corporate opportunity recognition in China. First of all, it analyzes the current situation of the rules of corporate opportunity recognition in our country from the aspects of legislation and judicial application, and there are some problems. Secondly, it puts forward some views on the reconstruction of the standard of corporate opportunity recognition and the perfection of the provisions of the exception of corporate opportunity.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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