公司瑕疵设立制度法律研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 10:16

本文选题：公司瑕疵设立 + 设立效力　；参考：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国市场经济飞速发展,公司逐渐成为最重要的市场主体,是市场秩序中法律关系的重要承载者。公司在社会经济中发挥重要的作用是以其有效存在为前提的。公司唯有在设立过程中遵守了法律规定的条件和程序,方能成为一个合格的市场主体。随着我国市场经济体制的建立和不断完善,大量的公司得以设立,但在公司设立过程中出现了种种瑕疵设立的情形。瑕疵设立的公司不利于社会经济秩序稳定和交易安全,目前我国仅在《公司法》第199条对此有规定,但过于模糊笼统,极不符合市场经济的需要。因此,有必要对公司瑕疵设立制度的相关法律问题进行深入的研究。本文首先研究了公司瑕疵设立制度的理论基础,在探究公司设立的概念及设立原则的变迁基础上引出公司瑕疵设立的内涵与外延,明确了瑕疵设立公司的外在表现形式。而后对公司瑕疵设立制度进行理论分析,认为瑕疵设立的公司是否能够合法有效的存续,不仅需要考量安全与效率的基本价值追求,还需要权衡公司维持与对利益相关人的保护。随后本文在考察域外公司瑕疵设立立法例的基础上,研究了两大法系各自的公司瑕疵设立制度基本原则,英美法系采原则承认主义,大陆法系采原则否认主义,但都有例外情形。此后总结了两大法系公司瑕疵设立制度的价值比较,归纳出两大法系对待瑕疵设立公司的总体立法趋势都是维持瑕疵设立公司的效力。考察了域外经验后,自然而然的就转到分析我国公司瑕疵设立制度上。本文对我国公司瑕疵设立制度进行了归纳总结,列举了《公司法》的相关法条,以及最高人民法院的相关司法解释,并对《公司法》第199条进行了评析。在此基础上,指出我国公司瑕疵设立制度存在四点不足。与国外的相关立法进行参照,如何完善这些不足,进而建立符合我国国情的公司瑕疵设立制度引发了下文的探讨。在前文分析的基础上,从价值目标和处理模式两个方面,提出域外公司瑕疵设立制度对我国的借鉴。我国应当明确“原则维持、尽量补正、例外否认”的原则,构建完备的瑕疵设立公司制度,并为完善我国公司瑕疵设立制度提出具体构想。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's market economy, the company has gradually become the most important market subject and an important bearer of legal relations in the market order. Companies play an important role in the social economy is based on its effective existence as the premise. The company can become a qualified market subject only if it obeys the conditions and procedures stipulated by law. With the establishment and improvement of the market economy system in China, a large number of companies have been set up, but in the process of the establishment of the company, there have been a variety of defects in the establishment of the situation. The defective company is not conducive to the stability of social economic order and transaction security. At present, our country only has the stipulation in Article 199 of Company Law, but it is too vague and general, which is extremely not in line with the need of market economy. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a deep study on the relevant legal issues of the company's defective establishment system. This paper first studies the theoretical basis of the system of the establishment of company defects, on the basis of probing into the concept of the establishment of the company and the change of the principle of the establishment, leads to the connotation and extension of the establishment of the defects of the company, and clarifies the external manifestation of the company of the defective establishment. Then the theoretical analysis of the system of defective establishment of the company, that whether the defective company can exist legally and effectively, not only need to consider the security and efficiency of the basic value pursuit. There is also a trade-off between corporate maintenance and stakeholder protection. Then, on the basis of investigating the legislation of foreign company defect establishment, this paper studies the basic principles of the two major legal systems, the common law system adopts the principle recognition doctrine, the civil law system adopts the principle denial doctrine, and the common law system adopts the principle recognition doctrine, and the civil law system adopts the principle denial doctrine. But there are exceptions. Then it summarizes the value comparison between the two legal systems, and concludes that the general legislative trend of the two legal systems is to maintain the effectiveness of the defective establishment company. After examining the overseas experience, we naturally turn to analyzing the system of the establishment of our company's defects. This paper summarizes the system of the establishment of company defects in China, enumerates the relevant articles of the Company Law and the judicial interpretation of the Supreme people's Court, and comments on Article 199 of the Company Law. On this basis, it points out that there are four deficiencies in the system of company defect establishment in our country. With reference to the relevant legislation of foreign countries, how to perfect these deficiencies, and then establish the system of company defect establishment in accordance with the national conditions of our country, which leads to the discussion of the following. On the basis of the above analysis, this paper puts forward the reference of the foreign company defect establishment system to our country from two aspects of value goal and treatment mode. Our country should make clear the principle of "maintaining the principle, correcting it as far as possible and denying it with exception", construct a complete system of defective company establishment, and put forward a concrete idea for perfecting the system of the establishment of defect in our country.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【引证文献】