两岸金融机构跨业经营与法律监管比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 09:03

本文选题：金融控股公司 + 跨业经营　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,由于国际金融环境变动快速,金融信息化与全球化之发展下,金融商品不断推陈出新,更使得银行、证券,保险间业务区隔模糊化;金融机构跨业经营已蔚为潮流,传统限制金融分业之经营理念,亦逐渐随着金融机构之大型化、多元化而松绑,世界各国在近几年也都纷纷进行了金融法制改革。如美国于1999年通过之《金融服务现代化法案》(Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act),使银行控股公司转换成金融控股公司,以便其子公司得以跨足银行、证券及保险业来从事全面性的跨业经营;日本也于1997年通过金融改革,师法美国实行金融控股公司制度;欧盟各国近年来亦进行金融法制之调整与改制的工作。以此立法趋势观之,以“金融控股公司模式”进行整体金融法制改革,提升金融机构跨业经营效率与国际竞争力,已衍然成为金融机构迈向国际化与大型化潮流之必要作法,又在我国大陆与台湾地区都先后加入了世界贸易组织(WTO),双方在面对开放金融市场、国际金融集团竞争之压力下,势必是要调整其金融体制以之因应。而且,金融业务具有高度之公共性,金融控股公司系整合多项金融业务于一身之模式,在金融业跨业经营的趋势下,金融管制逐渐走向放松管制与重新建构一套管制模式之同时,金融监理机制也有必要随之加以调整应对,以达到健全及维持金融秩序之目的,并保障广大之投资大众。本文包括引言、正文、结论三部份。引言先简要介绍目前两岸金融往来愈趋密切与频繁,我国大陆对于台湾银行业全球布局而言是一个不可缺失之市场,认识我国大陆之金融体制规范有其急迫性与必要性。又两岸先后都加入了世界贸易组织(WTO),在面对金融市场开放与国际金融机构的强力竞争下,金融机构跨业经营已蔚为潮流,如何调整金融法制规范以之因应,同为两岸目前面临的重要课题,且我国台湾地区自从2001年以来,已进行了一系列的金融体制再造与改革活动,这刚好可以成为我国大陆金融法制环境再建的参考与借镜。正文由五部份组成。第一部份介绍目前世界上金融业跨业经营之型态与比较。并浅析我国台湾地区金融机构跨业经营的发展与立法模式之选择,最后我国台湾地区选择以金融控股公司做为跨业经营模式,由其来比较选择此模式之优缺点。第二部份论述我国台湾地区金融法律制度之建构,并以《金融控股公司法》为主,分析其中基本架构与规定。自从2001年以来,《金融控股公司法》实行了10年,其中也经历了数次的修改,并对于金融控股公司法之修正部份,于此加以探讨与分析。且自从建立了金融控股公司法制后,为了达到有效监管金融集团,我国台湾地区也已在2004年7月1日正式成立了我国台湾地区“行政院”金融监督管理委员会(以下简称“金管会”),成立这个单一金融监管机关来实施金融监管,于论文中简析这单一金融监管机关选择之原由与金管会之特点。第三部份论述我国大陆之金融体制的形成背景,并以商业银行为主,探讨其立法沿革与分业经营制度之成因作一说明,并探讨跨业经营制度在我国大陆之发展与现况,最后对我国大陆与我国台湾地区之金融机构跨业经营发展作一比较探讨。第四部份探讨我国大陆金融监管之现状与发展与加入世界贸易组织(WTO)后对我国大陆金融法制体系与监管体制之冲击与影响,最后以我国大陆与我国台弯地区之监理制度作一比较与探讨分析。第五部份从比较法角度与观点,对两岸金融机构跨业经营方面作各方面之比较。在上述论证分析的基础上,本文得出如下结论:从金融业的发展与经营中观察出,严格的分业经营并非自然形成,这样不仅会造成金融运行效益低下,且在这种情况下,金融安全性也不能得到确保;虽然跨业经营之监管体制,需要面临金融商品的多变与创新,但是却可以经由建立起一套统一的监管体系,保持监理的灵活性与弹性以之应对,这也将有益于金融业的发展。且从20世纪80年代以来,在国际金融自由化与金融商品创新不断推出中,商业银行跨业经营模式已蔚为潮流,如何在重新调整金融法制架构、配合国际化竞争压力,是两岸目前均面临的问题。且我国台湾地区于2001年开始,为顺应金融业务多元化与全球化趋势,以求金融市场之改革创新与金融机构能发挥规模经济与范畴经济之效益,建立起一套基本金融法制规范-《金融控股公司法》。这正好可以让在面临同样问题与国际竞争压力下之我国大陆在未来规范建构一套金融法制体系环境时,为之借镜与参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the rapid changes in the international financial environment and the development of the financial information and globalization, the financial commodities are constantly emerging, making the banking, securities, and insurance business areas blurred, and the cross industry management of financial institutions has become a trend. In recent years, all countries in the world have carried out financial legal reform, such as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act, adopted by the United States in 1999, to convert the Banking Holding Company into a financial holding company, so that its subsidiaries are able to engage in all the banks, securities and insurance industries. In 1997, Japan also carried out the financial holding company system in the United States through financial reform, and the European Union has also carried out the adjustment and reform of the financial legal system in recent years in the United States. In this legislative trend, the overall financial reform of financial holding companies was carried out to improve the efficiency of the financial institutions. With international competitiveness, it has become a necessary practice for the financial institutions to move towards internationalization and large-scale trend. Both China and Taiwan have joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) successively. Under the pressure of open financial markets and the competition of international financial groups, the financial institutions are bound to adjust their financial system. Financial holding companies are highly public. Financial holding companies are the mode of integrating a number of financial services. Under the trend of cross industry management, financial control gradually moves towards deregulation and re construction of a set of control patterns. The financial supervision mechanism is also necessary to adjust and cope with it in order to improve and maintain finance. The purpose of order is to ensure the vast majority of the public.
This article includes introduction, text, and conclusion three parts. The introduction first briefly introduces the closer and more frequent financial exchanges between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. The mainland of China is an Immissing market for the global layout of the banking industry in Taiwan. It is urgent and necessary to recognize the financial system norms of the mainland of China. Organization (WTO), facing the strong competition between financial market opening and international financial institutions, the cross industry management of financial institutions has become a trend. How to adjust the legal norms of the financial system is an important issue facing both sides of the Straits. Since 2001, the Taiwan region of China has carried out a series of reengineering and reform of the financial system. This can just become a reference and mirror for the reconstruction of the financial legal environment in mainland China.
The text is composed of five parts. The first part introduces the pattern and comparison of the cross industry operation of the financial industry in the world at present, and analyses the choice of the development and the legislative mode of the cross industry management of the financial institutions in Taiwan. Finally, the choice of the financial holding company as a cross industry operation model in Taiwan region of our country is to choose the superior shortage of this model. Point.
The second part discusses the construction of the financial legal system in Taiwan area in China, and analyzes the basic structure and regulations of the financial holding company law. Since 2001, the law of the financial holding company has been implemented for 10 years, which has also undergone several revisions, and has been discussed and analyzed in the amendment of the law of the financial control stock company. And since the establishment of the legal system of the financial holding company, in order to achieve the effective supervision of the financial group, the Taiwan area of China has formally established the "Executive Yuan" financial supervision and Management Committee of the Taiwan region in July 1, 2004 (hereinafter referred to as the "HKMA") to set up this single financial regulatory agency to implement financial supervision and regulation. This paper briefly analyzes the reasons for the choice of the single financial regulatory agency and the characteristics of the HKMA.
The third part discusses the background of the formation of the financial system in the mainland of China, and takes commercial banks as the main part to discuss the causes of its legislative evolution and separate operation system, and discuss the development and current situation of the cross industry management system in the mainland of China, and finally make a comparison of the cross industry operation and development of the financial institutions in the mainland of China and the Taiwan region of our country. Discuss.
The fourth part discusses the impact and influence of the current situation and development of China's mainland financial supervision and development and the accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the financial system and supervision system of China's mainland. Finally, a comparison and analysis of the supervision system in China's mainland and China's Taiwan bend areas is made.
The fifth part, from the perspective of comparative law, compares all aspects of cross strait financial institutions' cross operation.
On the basis of the above analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: from the development and management of the financial industry, it is observed that the strict division of business is not a natural formation, which will not only cause the low financial efficiency, but also in this case, the financial security can not be ensured; although the regulatory system of cross industry management needs to face finance. The change and innovation of commodities can be achieved by establishing a unified regulatory system to maintain the flexibility and flexibility of supervision, which will also benefit the development of the financial industry. Since 1980s, the cross industry model of commercial banks has become a great trend in the international financial liberalization and innovation of financial commodities. How to adjust the financial system structure and cooperate with the pressure of international competition is the problem that both sides of the Straits are facing at present. And the Taiwan region of China began in 2001, in order to conform to the trend of diversification and globalization of the financial business, in order to make the financial market reform and innovation and the financial institutions can play the benefit of scale economy and category economy. The regulation of the basic financial legal system - the law of the financial holding company is more than. This can make it possible for the mainland of China to construct a set of financial system environment in the future under the pressure of the same problems and international competition.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.28

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