我国房屋征收补偿法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 00:42

本文关键词： 房屋征收补偿制度比较借鉴法律完善　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国改革开放的深入和经济发展的加速，，城市化进程日益推进，由此而引发的征地拆迁问题逐渐成为全社会关注的焦点。拆迁为城市建设创造了条件，提升了土地的使用价值，使得城市面貌更新、人居环境更好，但不当拆迁、野蛮拆迁引发的矛盾激化、甚至流血冲突令人触目惊心、不容忽视。究其原因，主要是行政征收补偿立法的欠缺，使得征收有失规范、补偿难言公正，行政相对人对政府征收行为的不满和抵抗自然在所难免。伴随着《宪法修正案》和《物权法》的出台，私有财产权利的保护映入人们的视野，2001年实施的《城市房屋拆迁管理条例》因为与上位法的冲突和与现实的不适应而广受诟病。为了缓解社会矛盾、加强对私人合法财产权益的保障，《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》应运而生，“拆迁”从此成为历史名词。2011年颁布的《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》在公共利益的界定、补偿主体的明确、补偿原则和标准的确定、征收补偿程序的改进以及对被征收人救济的强化等方面取得了重要的进步，体现出我国私权保护理念的不断深入。但现有的房屋征收补偿制度尚不完善，完备的征收补偿法律规范仍在期待之中。笔者通过归纳房屋征收补偿立法的不足之处，分析其产生的原因，并对美国、德国、法国、日本等国家的相关立法予以研究和借鉴，从而提出一些促进我国房屋征收补偿制度合理化建构的粗浅见解：如制定统一的征收补偿法律规范，提高征收补偿的立法位阶；进一步完善公共利益在实体上和程序上的界定，重述人文主义精神对法的要求；建立公正的补偿机制，从补偿范围的扩大、补偿方式的丰富、补偿标准的提高等方面做出实质改进，更好地体现出国家对私人财产权益的尊重和保护；完善征收补偿的救济制度，将被征收人的权利保护置于合理的救济框架之中，提供更完备的制度保障等。房屋征收补偿制度只有在立法和实践过程中日趋完善，才能更好地应对社会发展带来的压力和挑战，更好地平衡公共利益和私人权益之间的矛盾，促进法治国家、和谐社会的建设。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of China's reform and opening up and the acceleration of economic development, the urbanization process is advancing day by day. The problem of land requisition and demolition has gradually become the focus of attention of the whole society. Demolition has created conditions for urban construction. Improve the value of the use of land, make the city face updated, better living environment, but not when demolition, barbaric demolition caused by contradictions intensified, even bloody conflict is shocking, can not be ignored. Mainly because of the lack of legislation of administrative expropriation compensation, it is inevitable that the administrative counterpart's dissatisfaction and resistance to the government expropriation behavior is inevitable because the expropriation is out of order and the compensation cannot be said to be fair. With the introduction of the "Constitution Amendment" and "property Law", the protection of private property rights is reflected in the vision of people. In 2001, the Urban Housing demolition Management regulations were widely criticized because of the conflict with the upper law and the incompatibility with reality. In order to alleviate the social contradictions, strengthen the protection of private property rights and interests. The regulations on the Collection and compensation of Housing on State-owned Land came into being, and "demolition and relocation" became a historical term from then on. In 2011, the regulations on expropriation and compensation of Houses on State-owned Land were promulgated in the definition of public interest. The clarification of the subject of compensation, the determination of the principle and standard of compensation, the improvement of the procedure of expropriation and the reinforcement of relief to the expropriated person have made important progress. Reflecting the deepening of the concept of private rights protection in China, but the existing housing collection and compensation system is not perfect. The author summarizes the deficiencies of the housing expropriation and compensation legislation, analyzes the causes of its emergence, and to the United States, Germany, France. Japan and other countries to study and learn from the relevant legislation, so as to promote the housing collection and compensation system reasonable construction of some superficial views: such as the formulation of a unified legal norms of expropriation and compensation. Raising the legislative rank of levying compensation; Further improve the public interest in the substantive and procedural definition, restated the humanistic spirit of the requirements of the law; The establishment of fair compensation mechanism, from the expansion of the compensation range, the enrichment of compensation methods, the improvement of compensation standards and other aspects, better reflect the state to respect and protect the rights and interests of private property; Perfecting the relief system of expropriation and compensation puts the protection of the rights of the expropriated person in a reasonable relief framework and provides a more complete system guarantee and so on. Only in the process of legislation and practice can the housing expropriation and compensation system be more perfect in order to better deal with the pressure and challenges brought by social development and to balance the contradiction between public interest and private rights and interests. Promoting a country ruled by law and building a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.181;D923.2

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