论情事变更原则在商品房预售合同纠纷中的适用

发布时间：2018-03-31 23:04

本文选题：商品房预售　切入点：情事变更原则　出处：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：情事变更原则是现代合同法中的一项重要原则，通过2009年5月最高人民法院颁布的《关于适用中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释（二）》（以下简称为《合同法解释（二）》），我国在立法上首次明确规定了情事变更制度。事实上，情事变更在我国经济生活中时有发生，尤其是在商品房预售合同纠纷领域。由于商品房预售是合同是一种特殊的买卖合同，具有履行时间长，资金数额巨大，一定程度上的融资性与国家干预性等特点，因此极易受到建材价格与土地价格涨跌、金融市场的波动以及国家政策变化等一系列因素的影响。在这些情事变更发生后，如果继续履行原合同，必然会造成对其中当事人一方的显失公平。此时适用情事变更原则就显得非常必要，它将有助于化解因各种房地产市场风险导致的契约双方利益的非自愿性失衡。然而情事变更原则有其严格的适用条件，如果滥用此原则，会导致房地产市场交易秩序的混乱，大大限制房地产市场的健康发展。因此，在实践中必须结合商品房预售合同的特点对情事变更原则的适用条件进行详细地分析。本文以2010年以来我国推行的一系列房地产调控政策为背景，在深入理解《合同法解释（二）》的基础上，对新形势下情事变更原则在商品房预售合同纠纷中的适用问题进行细致地探讨，意图为我国司法实践中此类案件的解决提供智力支持。本为文共分为四个部分。文章第一部分介绍了情事变更原则基本理论方面的内容，包括情事变更原则的概念与性质，以及在国外及我国的发展状况等内容。文章第二部分结合商品房预售合同的特殊性分析了情事变更原则在商品房预售合同中适用的必要性和可行性。商品房预售合同在其性质上归根结底是一种特殊的买卖合同，因此完全可以适用情事变更原则处理由此类合同所引发的纠纷。文章第三部分重点论述了情事变更原则在商品房预售合同纠纷中的具体适用情况，包括情事变更原则的适用条件及法律效力等，为司法实践中正确适用情事变更原则处理此类纠纷提供一定的理论依据与裁判标准。文章第四部分阐述了如何完善情事变更原则在商品房预售合同中的适用问题，，着重分析了情事变更与商业风险、不可抗力等相关法律概念的区别，以使情事变更原则在商品房预售合同纠纷中被正确、合理地适用。
[Abstract]:The principle of circumstance change is an important principle in modern contract law. By means of the interpretation (2) > (hereinafter referred to as "interpretation of contract Law (2))" issued by the Supreme people's Court in May 2009 concerning the application of contract law of the people's Republic of China, our country has clearly stipulated the system of circumstance change for the first time in legislation. As a matter of fact, the change of events occurs from time to time in the economic life of our country, especially in the field of disputes over the contract of pre-sale of commercial housing. Because the pre-sale of commercial housing is a special contract of sale and purchase, it has a long time of performance and a huge amount of capital. Due to the characteristics of financing and national intervention to a certain extent, they are vulnerable to a series of factors, such as the rise and fall of building materials prices and land prices, the volatility of financial markets and the changes in national policies. If the original contract continues to be performed, it will inevitably result in an obvious injustice to one of the parties. At this time, it is very necessary to apply the principle of change of circumstances. It will help to resolve the involuntary imbalance in the interests of both parties to the contract caused by various kinds of real estate market risks. However, the principle of change of events has its strict conditions of application, if it is abused, it will lead to confusion in the order of transactions in the real estate market. The healthy development of the real estate market is greatly restricted. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze in detail the applicable conditions of the principle of change of events according to the characteristics of the pre-sale contract of commercial housing in practice. Based on a series of real estate regulation and control policies implemented in China since 2010, and on the basis of an in-depth understanding of the interpretation of contract Law (2), This paper probes into the application of the principle of change of events in the disputes of commercial housing pre-sale contract under the new situation in order to provide intellectual support for the solution of such cases in our country's judicial practice. This article is divided into four parts. The first part of the article introduces the basic theory of the principle of change of circumstances, including the concept and nature of the principle of change of circumstances, as well as the development situation in foreign countries and in China. The second part of the article analyzes the necessity and feasibility of applying the principle of circumstance change in commercial housing pre-sale contract, which is, in the final analysis, a special kind of sale contract. Therefore, the principle of change of circumstances can be applied to deal with disputes arising from such contracts. The third part focuses on the application of the principle of change of events in the disputes of commercial housing pre-sale contract, including the applicable conditions and legal effect of the principle of change of circumstances, etc. It provides certain theoretical basis and judgment standard for correctly applying the principle of circumstance change to deal with such disputes in judicial practice. The fourth part of the article expounds how to perfect the application of the principle of circumstance change in commercial housing pre-sale contract, and emphatically analyzes the difference between circumstance change and commercial risk, force majeure and other related legal concepts. In order to make the principle of change of events in the commercial housing pre-sale contract dispute is correct, reasonable application.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.6

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