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电信服务合同中“霸王条款”法律规制研究

发布时间:2018-06-08 01:14

  本文选题:电信服务合同 + 霸王条款 ; 参考:《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文


【摘要】:改革开放以来,作为基础设施行业的电信业,在国家一系列强有力政策措施的推动下取得了突出的成就,但同时也成为社会各界持续关注的焦点,不少评论与批判直指电信服务合同中的“霸王条款”。电信运营企业利用其自身的优势地位,在电信服务合同中订入对电信用户不利的“霸王条款”,严重侵犯了电信用户的合法权益,损害了社会的公平正义。电信服务合同中的“霸王条款”亟待规制。本文尝试着解决这一日益突出的问题,主要分为以下几个部分: 第一部分,引言:简要介绍了研究背景、研究现状、研究思路与框架。认为格式合同凭借自身的优势不可避免地在电信服务合同中被广泛使用,但其中大量出现的“霸王条款”必须加以规制,以维护社会的公平正义。 第二部分,电信服务合同中“霸王条款”法律规制概述:简要介绍电信服务合同中的“霸王条款”,包括“霸王条款”的概念、特征、表现方式和形成原因。在此基础上,分析国内外对电信服务合同中“霸王条款”法律规制的模式。通过以上论述,认为必须从立法、司法、执法全方位的角度对电信服务合同中“霸王条款”进行规制。 第三部分,电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的立法规制:立法规制是司法规制与执法规制的基础。目前对电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的立法规制主要依靠《民法通则》、《合同法》、《消费者权益保护法》中的相关条款,但内容过于简单、粗糙,不足以维护电信用户的利益。参考域外的立法模式与经验,我国可以制定规制格式合同的单行法和《电信法》,全方位地保护电信用户的合法利益。 第四部分,电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的司法规制:电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的司法规制既可以发挥格式合同的优点,又可以保证公平正义的实现。但立法的不足,导致认定标准模糊,法官水平的参差不齐和司法的不独立,法院不能在司法规制中发挥应有的作用。借鉴域外司法规制的经验,我国可以从重视类型化分析、建立相应的司法规制体系等角度,完善我国对电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的司法规制。 第五部分,电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的执法规制:电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的执法规制是我国使用最多的一种规制方式,它可以弥补立法和司法规制的滞后性。但执法机关的非客观中立性以及执法规制的非终局性削弱了执法规制的效果。吸收域外执法规制的成熟经验,我国可以通过建立预先审查机制、设立专门电信监管机构等举措,完善我国对电信服务合同中“霸王条款”的执法规制。 第六部门,结语:各种法律规制都具有自身的优势与不足,单靠一种规制方式往往难以取得令人满意的效果。只有在完善各种规制方式的基础上,综合运用各种规制方式,发挥不同规制方式的优点,,才能实现对电信服务合同“中霸王条款”的全面规制。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the telecommunications industry, as an infrastructure industry, has made outstanding achievements under the impetus of a series of powerful national policies and measures, but at the same time, it has also become the focus of sustained attention from all walks of life. Many comments and criticisms directly point to the "overlord clause" in the telecommunication service contract. Taking advantage of their own advantages, telecom operators make use of the "overlord clause" which is unfavorable to telecom users in the telecommunication service contract, which seriously infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of telecom users and damages the fairness and justice of the society. The "overlord clause" in the telecommunication service contract needs to be regulated urgently. This paper attempts to solve this increasingly prominent problem, mainly divided into the following parts: the first part, introduction: a brief introduction of the research background, research status, research ideas and framework. It is believed that the format contract is inevitably widely used in telecommunication service contracts by virtue of its own advantages, but the "overlord clause" which appears in large numbers among them must be regulated in order to safeguard the fairness and justice of the society. An overview of the legal regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract: a brief introduction to the "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract, including the concept, characteristics, expression mode and formation reason of "overlord clause". On this basis, the domestic and foreign telecom service contract in the "overlord clause" legal regulation model. Through the above discussion, it is necessary to regulate the "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract from the angle of legislation, judicature and law enforcement. The legislative regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract: the legislative regulation is the foundation of judicial regulation and law enforcement regulation. At present, the legislative regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract mainly depends on the relevant provisions in "Civil Law General principles", "contract Law" and "Consumer Rights Protection Law", but the content is too simple and rough to protect the interests of telecom users. Referring to the overseas legislative model and experience, China can formulate a single law regulating the format contract and the Telecommunication Law to protect the legitimate interests of telecom users in all directions. The judicial regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract: the judicial regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract can not only bring the advantages of format contract into full play, but also guarantee the realization of fairness and justice. However, due to the lack of legislation, the standard of recognition is vague, the level of judges is uneven and the judiciary is not independent, the court can not play its due role in the judicial regulation. Drawing lessons from the experience of foreign judicial regulation, we can perfect the judicial regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract from the angle of paying attention to the type analysis and establishing the corresponding judicial regulation system. The law enforcement regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract: the law enforcement regulation of "overlord clause" in telecommunication service contract is one of the most used regulation methods in our country, which can make up for the lag of legislation and judicial regulation. However, the non-objective neutrality of law enforcement agencies and the non-terminality of law enforcement regulations weaken the effect of law enforcement regulations. Absorbing the mature experience of the extraterritorial law enforcement, China can perfect the law enforcement regulation of the "overlord clause" in the telecommunication service contract through the establishment of pre-examination mechanism and the establishment of special telecom supervision agency. Conclusion: all kinds of legal regulations have their own advantages and disadvantages. Only on the basis of perfecting all kinds of regulation ways, synthetically applying all kinds of regulation methods and giving full play to the advantages of different regulation ways, can we realize the overall regulation of the "overlord clause" in the telecommunication service contract.
【学位授予单位】:西南政法大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2012
【分类号】:D923.6

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