对《合同法》第122条的理解与适用

发布时间：2018-06-20 04:12

本文选题：合同法 + 违约责任与侵权责任竞合　；参考：《法律适用》2005年05期

【摘要】：正《合同法》第122条规定:“因当事人一方的违约行为,侵害对方人身、财产权益的,受损害方有权选择依照本法要求其承担违约责任或者依照其他法律要求其承担侵权责任。”从此规定看,《合同法》在违约责任与侵权责任竞合问题上究竟采用的是哪种学说?这对于准确把握《合同法》第122条的性质有重要意义。首先,《合同法》第122条规定受损害方“有权选择”要求加害方承担违约责任或者侵权责任,就意味着肯定了违约责任和侵权责任竞合的存在,因此没有采纳主张非竞合说的法条竞合说;其次,《合同法》第122条规定受损害方有两个请求权,即可以选择请求加害方承担违约责任,也可以选择请求加害方承担侵权责任,这与主张本质上只产生一个请求权的请求权规范竞合说亦不同,因此,《合同法》亦没有采纳法条规范竞合说。通过以上分析,可以看出,《合同法》第122条采纳的是请求权竞合说当属无疑。
[Abstract]:The 122nd article of contract law stipulates that "the injured party has the right to choose the liability for breach of contract in accordance with this law or to undertake the liability for infringement in accordance with other laws, because of the breach of a party's breach of contract, and the right to tort in accordance with other laws." in the view of this regulation, the contract law is on the question of the concurrence of the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort. What kind of theory is adopted? This is of great significance to the accurate grasp of the nature of the "Contract Law > 122nd". First, the 122nd article of the contract law stipulates that the injured party "has the right to choose" to require the injuring party to undertake the liability for breach of contract or tort liability, which means the existence of the concurrence of the liability for breach of contract and the liability for tort is affirmed, and therefore the claim is not adopted. Second, the 122nd article of the contract law stipulates that the injured party has two claims, that is, it may choose the injuring party to undertake the liability for breach of contract, and also choose to request the injuring party to undertake the tort liability, which is different from the claim that the claim is essentially a claim. Through the above analysis, we can see that the adoption of the 122nd contract law is undoubtedly the concurrence of claims.
【作者单位】：河北经贸大学
【分类号】：D923.6

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