网站团购消费者权益之私法保护

发布时间：2018-08-20 15:27

【摘要】：网站团购，是指由专业的网络服务提供者设立网络平台，聚合相同购买意向的零散消费者进行购买的民事活动。不同于消费者自发的网络团购及商家组织的网络团购，网站团购中存在消费者、实体商家和网站经营者三方主体。网站团购结合了“网络+团购”的优势，可使主体在参与过程中实现三方共赢，但这种全新的购物方式背后也隐藏着诸多法律问题，消费者权益侵害问题就是其中的典型。例如，在线交易阶段，消费者的安全权、知情权容易受到侵害，而线下履行阶段，实体商家也常以拒绝履行、强制交易等方式侵害消费者权利。究其原因，主要是网站团购活动的参与主体复杂、交易信息不对称、履行时间不确定及消费者义务履行前置所致。私权保护的本旨在于对私权的全面确认和充分保障，故以法律手段实现对消费者权益的保护是我们义不容辞的责任。然而，网站团购消费者权益私法保护却存在障碍：网站团购系涉及三方主体的新型交易模式，主体之间的法律关系较为复杂，主体的法律地位也相对模糊，且尚无法律对此作出界定。明确网站团购模式下各方主体地位，是网站团购消费者私法保护的根本问题，是运用具体方式救济受损消费者利益的前提性要件。首先，应当依据法理及合同的构成要件原理认定实体商家和消费者之间成立买卖合同关系。其次，应当认定团购网站经营者是新型网络服务提供者。在此基础上，结合特定的侵犯形态，提出私法视域中消费者保护的具体方式。不同情况下，网站团购消费者可以依据《合同法》、《侵权责任法》、《产品质量法》《、消费者权益保护法》等法律规范中的特定条文，，向责任方主张权利。
[Abstract]:Website group-buying refers to the civil activities in which professional network service providers set up network platforms to aggregate scattered consumers with the same purchase intention. Different from the spontaneous online group buying by consumers and the online group buying by business organizations, there are three main bodies of consumers, entity merchants and website operators in website group buying. The website group purchase combines the advantage of "network group purchase", can make the main body realize the tripartite win-win in the process of participation, but this brand-new shopping way also hides many legal problems behind, the consumer rights and interests infringement problem is one of the typical problems. For example, in the online trading stage, consumers' right to safety and the right to know are vulnerable to infringement, while offline performance stage, the entity merchants often violate consumers' rights by refusing to perform and compulsorily trading. The main reasons are the complexity of the participants, the asymmetry of transaction information, the uncertainty of performance time and the performance of consumers' obligations. The purpose of the protection of private rights lies in the full recognition and protection of private rights, so it is our duty to protect the rights and interests of consumers by legal means. However, there are obstacles to the private law protection of the consumers' rights and interests of the website group purchase: the website group purchase department involves a new type of transaction mode involving the tripartite subjects, the legal relationship between the subjects is more complex, and the legal status of the subjects is relatively vague. And there is no law to define this. It is the fundamental problem of the private law protection of website group purchase consumers to make clear the main position of each party under the mode of website group purchase. It is also the prerequisite to use specific ways to relieve the interests of the injured consumers. First of all, it is necessary to determine the relationship between entity merchants and consumers according to the principle of legal principles and the constitutive elements of contracts. Secondly, the group purchase website operator should be recognized as a new type of network service provider. On this basis, combined with the specific infringing form, the specific ways of consumer protection in the field of private law are put forward. Under different circumstances, consumers can claim their rights to the responsible party according to the specific provisions in the contract Law, the Tort liability Law, the Product quality Law, the Consumer Rights Protection Law, and other legal norms, such as the contract Law, the Tort liability Law, the Product quality Law, and the Consumer Rights and interests Protection Law.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.8

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