伊斯兰商法中的合同分析与应用
发布时间：2022-09-30 10:13
中国与穆斯林国家之间的贸易额和投资大幅增长,特别是在政府部门。尽管过去二十年来双方在私营领域一直努力扩大贸易额,但贸易和投资活动仍然远未达到其潜力。虽有不同的监管机制来管理和组织商业交易,更精确来说合同法。但这个障碍在穆斯林国家尤为突出,因为人们更倾向于遵循伊斯兰律法,即伊斯兰教法,并按照伊斯兰教法和原则努力进行所有的日常活动和商业贸易交易。该研究旨在为伊斯兰商法领域的学术工作做出贡献。特别是伊斯兰合同法。为了实现这一研究的目标,我们遵循分析和比较的方法来检验伊斯兰法的合同及其在当代投资环境中的应用。此外,这项研究旨在提高对可能有助于加强中华人民共和国与穆斯林世界之间投资的不同方面的认识。因此,在伊斯兰商法和其下合同法上达到这一目标、提高认识和透明度,研究探寻伊斯兰教法的原则和来源,并以适当的方式对其进行解释,以突出伊斯兰商业法对商业交易和商业环境的影响。此外,研究还讨论了主要的伊斯兰教派和伊斯兰教法学的主要流派,以及它们在穆斯林社会社会经济方面的分歧和影响。这项研究还介绍了伊斯兰法律兼容的公司和筛选标准用来确保公司按照伊斯兰教法开展业务。研究还提供了伊斯兰商法的历史演变背景,并详细考...
【文章页数】：161 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATIONS USED
GLOSSARY
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 HISTORICAL VIEW OF THE SINO-ISLAMIC TRADE RELATIONSHIP
1.2 THE CHINESE FOREIGN TRADE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
1.2.1 Investment and trading partners of China in the twentieth century
1.3 THE CHINESE FOREIGN TRADE IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
1.3.1 Investment and trading partners in the Islamic world:
1.4 THE FUTURE SINO-ISLAMIC TRADE RELATION AND INVESTMENTS
1.4.1 The effect of “Arab spring” on the economy and the investment environment
1.5 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE
1.6 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.9 RESEARCH STRUCTURE
CHAPTER 2. ISLAMIC LAW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 ISLAMIC LAW-COMPLIANT COMPANIES
2.2.1 Procedures to guarantee that the business is compliant to Islamic law
2.3 THE COMPONENTS OF ISLAMIC LAW
2.3.1 Shari’a - its interpretation and enforcement
2.3.2 Fiqh - its meaning and sources
2.3.3 Fiqh almu’amalat
CHAPTER 3. CONTRACTS IN ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL LAW- REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, APPLICATIONS AND PRACTICES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 CONTRACTS IN THE ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL LAW- ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION
3.2.1 The association between Shari’a and national law in Muslim countries
3.2.2 The development of Islamic contract law
3.3 THE VALIDITY OF CONTRACTS IN THE ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL LAW
3.3.1 Contract components and validity
3.3.2 The impact of riba, gharar and jahl on the validity of the contract
3.4 CONTRACTS CLASSIFICATIONS
3.4.1 Unilateral and bilateral contracts
3.4.2 Other approached of contracts classification
3.5 APPLICATION OF ISLAMIC CONTRACTS IN CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL SYSTEMS
3.5.1 Models of Financing in Islamic law
3.6 RISKS INVOLVED IN THE ISLAMIC CONTRACTS
3.6.1 Market Risk
3.6.2 Operational Risk
3.6.3 Liquidity Risk
3.6.4 Credit Risk
CHAPTER 4. CONTRACTS OF EXCHANGE
4.1 INTRODUCTON
4.1.1 The impact of riba and gharar on sales contracts
4.1.2 The impact of riba and gharar on barter and currency exchange contracts
4.2 THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONTRACTS OF EXCHANGE
4.2.1 Classifying sale contracts with special reference to the thing sold:
4.2.2 Classifying the sale contracts according to the nature of profit agreed upon in the contract
4.2.3 Classifying the sale contracts according to the manner of payment
4.2.4 Classifying the contracts according to the subject matter of the sale
4.2.5 Classifying the contracts according the purpose of sale contract
4.2.6 Classifying the contracts according to the nature of the price
CHAPTER 5. CONTRACTS OF SECURITY
5.1 PLEDGE OR “RAHN”
5.1.1 Rahn in Shari’a
5.1.2 The components of rahn contract
5.1.3 The basic rules of rahn contract
5.1.4 The relationship between rahn contract and other contracts
5.1.5 The dissolution and competition of rahn contract
5.2 SURETYSHIP OR “KAFALAH”
5.2.1 Kafalah in Shari’a
5.2.2 The components of Kafalah contract
5.2.3 The basic rules of kafalah contract
5.2.4 The relationship between kafalah contract and other contracts
5.2.5 The dissolution and competition of kafalah contract
CHAPTER 6. CONTRACTS OF PARTNERSHIP ‘SHIRKAH’
6.1 MUSHARAKA (PARTNERSHIP OR JOINT VENTURE)
6.1.1 Musharaka in Shari’a
6.1.2 The basic types of musharaka
6.1.3 The basic rules of musharaka contracts
6.1.4 Classifying musharaka according to the capital share:
6.1.5 Sukuk al- musharaka
6.1.6 Termination of musharaka:
6.2 MUDARABA
6.2.1 Mudaraba in Shari’a
6.2.2 The basic types of mudaraba
6.2.3 The basic rules of musharaka contracts
6.2.4 Termination of Mudaraba Contract
6.3 COMPARISON BETWEEN MUSHARAKA AND MUDARABA:
CHAPTER 7. CONTRACTS OF UTILIZATION OF USUFRUCT ‘IJARAH’
7.1 IJARAH IN SHARI’A
7.2 THE COMPONENTS OF IJARAH CONTRACT
7.2.1 The contracting parties
7.2.2 The offer and acceptance
7.2.3 The subject matter
7.3 TYPES OF IJARAH
7.3.1 Operating lease (Al-ijarah ‘ain)
7.3.2 Financial lease (IMB)
7.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IJARAH CONTRACT AND OTHER CONTRACTS
7.4.1 Arrangement of ijarah with sale and lease
7.4.2 Arrangement of ijarah with an option to transfer the ownership of the asset to the lessee
7.4.3 Arrangement of ijarah with assurances
7.5 THE DISSOLUTION AND COMPETITION OF IJARAH CONTRACT
7.5.1 Dissolution of ijarah
7.5.2 Completion of ijarah
7.6 APPLICATION OF IJARAH IN ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE
CHAPTER 8. CONTRACT OF SAFE CUSTODY ‘WADI’AH’
8.1 WADI’AH IN SHARI’A
8.2 THE COMPONENTS OF WADI’AH CONTRACT
8.2.1 The contracting parties (Trustee and Depositor)
8.2.2 The offer and the acceptance (declaration)
8.2.3 Subject matter
8.3 FEATURES OF WADI’AH
8.3.1 Ruling special cases involvs of misconduct, neglicance and breacning the terms of the contract
8.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WADI’AH CONTRACT AND AL-MANFA'AH CONTRACTS
8.4.1 Wadi’ah and ijarah
8.4.2 Wadi’ah and qard
8.5 THE TERMINATION OF WADI’AH CONTRACT
8.5.1 Dissolution of wadi’ah contract
8.5.2 Completion of wadi’ah contract
8.6 MODERN VIEWS AND PRACTICES OF WADI’AH
8.6.1 Savings Accounts
8.6.2 Current Accounts
CHAPTER 9. CONTRACTS OF AGENCY ‘WAKALAH’
9.1 WAKALAH IN SHARI’A
9.2 THE COMPONENTS OF WAKALAH CONTRACT
9.2.1 The contracting parties (principal and agent)
9.2.2 The offer and the acceptance (declaration)
9.2.3 Subject matter
9.2.4 Wakalah fee
9.3 TYPES OF WAKALAH
9.3.1 Al-Wakalah al-`Ammah
9.3.2 al-wakalah al-Khassah
9.3.3 Al-Wakalah al-Muqayyadah
9.3.4 Al-Wakalah al-Mutlaqah :
9.4 THE BASIC RULES OF WAKALAH’S CONTRACTS
9.5 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WAKALAH CONTRACT AND OTHER CONTRACTS
9.5.1 Application of wakalah bi al-istithmar
9.6 THE DISSOLUTION AND COMPETITION OF WAKALAH CONTRACT
9.6.1 Dissolution of binding wakalah
9.6.2 Completion of binding wakalah
CHAPTER 10. DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
10.1 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
10.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
本文编号：3683366
【文章页数】：161 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATIONS USED
GLOSSARY
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 HISTORICAL VIEW OF THE SINO-ISLAMIC TRADE RELATIONSHIP
1.2 THE CHINESE FOREIGN TRADE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
1.2.1 Investment and trading partners of China in the twentieth century
1.3 THE CHINESE FOREIGN TRADE IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
1.3.1 Investment and trading partners in the Islamic world:
1.4 THE FUTURE SINO-ISLAMIC TRADE RELATION AND INVESTMENTS
1.4.1 The effect of “Arab spring” on the economy and the investment environment
1.5 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE
1.6 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.9 RESEARCH STRUCTURE
CHAPTER 2. ISLAMIC LAW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 ISLAMIC LAW-COMPLIANT COMPANIES
2.2.1 Procedures to guarantee that the business is compliant to Islamic law
2.3 THE COMPONENTS OF ISLAMIC LAW
2.3.1 Shari’a - its interpretation and enforcement
2.3.2 Fiqh - its meaning and sources
2.3.3 Fiqh almu’amalat
CHAPTER 3. CONTRACTS IN ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL LAW- REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, APPLICATIONS AND PRACTICES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 CONTRACTS IN THE ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL LAW- ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION
3.2.1 The association between Shari’a and national law in Muslim countries
3.2.2 The development of Islamic contract law
3.3 THE VALIDITY OF CONTRACTS IN THE ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL LAW
3.3.1 Contract components and validity
3.3.2 The impact of riba, gharar and jahl on the validity of the contract
3.4 CONTRACTS CLASSIFICATIONS
3.4.1 Unilateral and bilateral contracts
3.4.2 Other approached of contracts classification
3.5 APPLICATION OF ISLAMIC CONTRACTS IN CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL SYSTEMS
3.5.1 Models of Financing in Islamic law
3.6 RISKS INVOLVED IN THE ISLAMIC CONTRACTS
3.6.1 Market Risk
3.6.2 Operational Risk
3.6.3 Liquidity Risk
3.6.4 Credit Risk
CHAPTER 4. CONTRACTS OF EXCHANGE
4.1 INTRODUCTON
4.1.1 The impact of riba and gharar on sales contracts
4.1.2 The impact of riba and gharar on barter and currency exchange contracts
4.2 THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONTRACTS OF EXCHANGE
4.2.1 Classifying sale contracts with special reference to the thing sold:
4.2.2 Classifying the sale contracts according to the nature of profit agreed upon in the contract
4.2.3 Classifying the sale contracts according to the manner of payment
4.2.4 Classifying the contracts according to the subject matter of the sale
4.2.5 Classifying the contracts according the purpose of sale contract
4.2.6 Classifying the contracts according to the nature of the price
CHAPTER 5. CONTRACTS OF SECURITY
5.1 PLEDGE OR “RAHN”
5.1.1 Rahn in Shari’a
5.1.2 The components of rahn contract
5.1.3 The basic rules of rahn contract
5.1.4 The relationship between rahn contract and other contracts
5.1.5 The dissolution and competition of rahn contract
5.2 SURETYSHIP OR “KAFALAH”
5.2.1 Kafalah in Shari’a
5.2.2 The components of Kafalah contract
5.2.3 The basic rules of kafalah contract
5.2.4 The relationship between kafalah contract and other contracts
5.2.5 The dissolution and competition of kafalah contract
CHAPTER 6. CONTRACTS OF PARTNERSHIP ‘SHIRKAH’
6.1 MUSHARAKA (PARTNERSHIP OR JOINT VENTURE)
6.1.1 Musharaka in Shari’a
6.1.2 The basic types of musharaka
6.1.3 The basic rules of musharaka contracts
6.1.4 Classifying musharaka according to the capital share:
6.1.5 Sukuk al- musharaka
6.1.6 Termination of musharaka:
6.2 MUDARABA
6.2.1 Mudaraba in Shari’a
6.2.2 The basic types of mudaraba
6.2.3 The basic rules of musharaka contracts
6.2.4 Termination of Mudaraba Contract
6.3 COMPARISON BETWEEN MUSHARAKA AND MUDARABA:
CHAPTER 7. CONTRACTS OF UTILIZATION OF USUFRUCT ‘IJARAH’
7.1 IJARAH IN SHARI’A
7.2 THE COMPONENTS OF IJARAH CONTRACT
7.2.1 The contracting parties
7.2.2 The offer and acceptance
7.2.3 The subject matter
7.3 TYPES OF IJARAH
7.3.1 Operating lease (Al-ijarah ‘ain)
7.3.2 Financial lease (IMB)
7.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IJARAH CONTRACT AND OTHER CONTRACTS
7.4.1 Arrangement of ijarah with sale and lease
7.4.2 Arrangement of ijarah with an option to transfer the ownership of the asset to the lessee
7.4.3 Arrangement of ijarah with assurances
7.5 THE DISSOLUTION AND COMPETITION OF IJARAH CONTRACT
7.5.1 Dissolution of ijarah
7.5.2 Completion of ijarah
7.6 APPLICATION OF IJARAH IN ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE
CHAPTER 8. CONTRACT OF SAFE CUSTODY ‘WADI’AH’
8.1 WADI’AH IN SHARI’A
8.2 THE COMPONENTS OF WADI’AH CONTRACT
8.2.1 The contracting parties (Trustee and Depositor)
8.2.2 The offer and the acceptance (declaration)
8.2.3 Subject matter
8.3 FEATURES OF WADI’AH
8.3.1 Ruling special cases involvs of misconduct, neglicance and breacning the terms of the contract
8.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WADI’AH CONTRACT AND AL-MANFA'AH CONTRACTS
8.4.1 Wadi’ah and ijarah
8.4.2 Wadi’ah and qard
8.5 THE TERMINATION OF WADI’AH CONTRACT
8.5.1 Dissolution of wadi’ah contract
8.5.2 Completion of wadi’ah contract
8.6 MODERN VIEWS AND PRACTICES OF WADI’AH
8.6.1 Savings Accounts
8.6.2 Current Accounts
CHAPTER 9. CONTRACTS OF AGENCY ‘WAKALAH’
9.1 WAKALAH IN SHARI’A
9.2 THE COMPONENTS OF WAKALAH CONTRACT
9.2.1 The contracting parties (principal and agent)
9.2.2 The offer and the acceptance (declaration)
9.2.3 Subject matter
9.2.4 Wakalah fee
9.3 TYPES OF WAKALAH
9.3.1 Al-Wakalah al-`Ammah
9.3.2 al-wakalah al-Khassah
9.3.3 Al-Wakalah al-Muqayyadah
9.3.4 Al-Wakalah al-Mutlaqah :
9.4 THE BASIC RULES OF WAKALAH’S CONTRACTS
9.5 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WAKALAH CONTRACT AND OTHER CONTRACTS
9.5.1 Application of wakalah bi al-istithmar
9.6 THE DISSOLUTION AND COMPETITION OF WAKALAH CONTRACT
9.6.1 Dissolution of binding wakalah
9.6.2 Completion of binding wakalah
CHAPTER 10. DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
10.1 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
10.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
本文编号：3683366
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