竞业禁止协议判断标准的完善

发布时间：2018-01-10 07:00

本文关键词：竞业禁止协议判断标准的完善　出处：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：企业与职工签订竞业禁止协议是保护企业商业秘密的一项有效措施。但是,现实中经常会发生企业滥用竞业禁止协议,损害雇员的合法权益,这就造成了竞业禁止与人才流动的冲突,不利于市场经济的发展。为了在企业商业秘密的保护与人才合理流动之间达成平衡,本文通过参考国外的立法和实践,提出对竞业禁止协议进行合理限制,并具体对协议的目标、对象、期限、范围等方面的合理限制做了探讨,希望对我国竞业禁止协议判断标准的完善提出一些有益建议。本文主要分为以下三个部分: 第一部分主要是提出我国竞业禁止制度在司法实践中存在的一些问题。通过介绍竞业禁止协议在我国司法实践中的现状,指出我国在竞业禁止制度立法的不足。我国竞业禁止纠纷的矛盾主要源于竞业禁止协议没有统一、完善的判断标准,例如竞业禁止协议的义务主体不明确、期限和区域限制不够合理、对价补偿标准不统一等。第二部分是对外国立法和实践的借鉴。美国或其他西方发达国家在考察竞业禁止协议判断标准时,主要分为合法性标准和合理性标准两个方面。即对于约定竞业禁止协议的生效,不仅需要具备一般协议所应具有的生效要件之外,还要按照公平合理的原则来判断和分析竞业禁止协议的法律效力。合法性标准主要包括应保护的利益、受保护的利益大于被牺牲的利益和不损害公共利益三个方面。合理性标准主要是指竞业禁止协议的具体条款对雇员择业权的限制是否合理,例如义务主体、期限和区域限制以及对价补偿等。竞业禁止制度源于美国,而美国的竞业禁止制度又是通过大量判例的形式建立起来的,本文在该部分通过介绍美国有关竞业禁止纠纷的经典案例,充分阐释美国在司法实践中如何认定竞业禁止判断标准。第三部分是完善我国竞业禁止协议判断标准的建议。在借鉴国外立法和判例的基础上,充分考虑我国实际国情,从义务主体、期限和区域限制、择业领域、对价补偿以及违约责任六个方面进行探讨。针对我国司法实践中容易出现问题的地方,笔者特意对竞业禁止义务主体的范围、对价补偿的标准以及违约责任和损害赔偿额的计算进行充分的思考,希望对我国竞业禁止协议判断标准的完善有所裨益。
[Abstract]:It is an effective measure to protect the business secrets of enterprises to sign a non-compete agreement with employees. However, in reality, enterprises often abuse the non-compete agreement and damage the legitimate rights and interests of employees. In order to balance the protection of business secrets and the rational flow of talents, this paper refers to the legislation and practice of foreign countries. This paper puts forward reasonable restrictions on the non-compete agreement, and discusses the reasonable restrictions on the objectives, objects, duration and scope of the agreement. It is hoped that some useful suggestions will be put forward to improve the judgment standard of non-compete agreement in China. This paper is divided into the following three parts: The first part is to put forward some problems existing in the judicial practice of the prohibition system of non-competition in our country. By introducing the current situation of the non-compete agreement in the judicial practice of our country. This paper points out the deficiency of the legislation of the non-compete system in our country. The contradiction of the non-compete dispute in our country mainly stems from the lack of unity of the non-compete agreement and the perfect judgment standard, for example, the subject of the obligation of the non-compete agreement is not clear. The time limit and the area limit are not reasonable, the consideration compensation standard is not unified and so on. The second part is the reference to foreign legislation and practice. The United States or other western developed countries in the inspection of non-compete agreement judgment criteria. It is mainly divided into two aspects: the legality standard and the rationality standard. That is, for the agreement of non-compete agreement to be effective, not only need to have the general agreement should have the effective elements. Also according to the principle of fairness and reasonableness to judge and analyze the legal effect of non-compete agreement. The standard of legality mainly includes the interests to be protected. The reasonable standard mainly refers to whether the restriction of the employee's right to choose a job in the specific clause of the non-compete agreement is reasonable, such as the subject of obligation. The system of non-competition is originated from the United States, and the system of non-competition in the United States is established through a large number of cases. In this part, by introducing the classic cases of non-competition disputes in the United States, the author fully explains how the United States determines the judgment standard of non-competition prohibition in judicial practice. The third part is to perfect the judgment standard of non-compete agreement in our country. On the basis of drawing lessons from foreign legislation and jurisprudence, fully consider the actual situation of our country, from the subject of obligations, time limit and regional restrictions, the field of choice of employment. This paper discusses six aspects of compensation for consideration and liability for breach of contract. In view of the problems in judicial practice in our country, the author specially focuses on the scope of the subject of non-competition obligation. It is hoped that the standard of compensation for consideration and the calculation of liability for breach of contract and the calculation of damages will be of benefit to the perfection of the judgment standard of non-compete agreement in China.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294;D922.5

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