我国事实劳动法律制度完善研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 10:17

本文关键词：我国事实劳动法律制度完善研究　出处：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,我国正处于经济平稳较快发展的黄金时期,各类经济组织在社会主义市场经济条件下同生共长、竞相发展,特别是,我国劳动人口规模和流动性在全球绝无仅有。在这样的时代背景下,用人单位与劳动者之间的关系是否和谐,不仅仅关系着企业生产经营,更关系着社会的稳定。近年来,我国先后制定实施了《劳动法》、《劳动合同法》,对构建和谐劳动关系起到了一定的促进作用。但是,在立法理念上,我国过于强调书面劳动合同的作用,对事实劳动关系抱着含糊不定的态度。现实经济生活中普遍存在这样一种现象——因种种原因,用人单位与劳动者之间没有形成书面劳动合同,但是劳动者实际给付了有偿劳动服务,而引发事实劳动纠纷。同时,由于我国经济发展正处于活跃期,事实劳动关系还将长期大量存在。我国劳动法律学者在对待事实劳动关系问题上观点不一。因此,为了更好地维护劳动者的合法权益,很有必要立足我国基本国情,借鉴境外立法经验,对事实劳动关系进行更加深入细致的研究,为有效解决事实劳动关系难点问题提供思路。事实劳动关系的存在具有客观必然性,是劳动力市场供大于求、劳动者和用工企业法律意识淡薄、劳动法律体系自身缺陷等多方面因素共同形成的。事实劳动关系具有表现形式不定、权利义务不清、形式要件不全、辨识程度不高等基本特征,其主要类型有四种：未订立有效书面合同而形成的事实劳动关系、未及时续订书面劳动合同而形成的事实劳动关系、劳动合同被确认无效而形成的事实劳动关系、因双重劳动事实行为而形成的事实劳动关系。我国事实劳动法律制度很不健全,事实劳动关系处理模式的法律设计逻辑性不强,将订立书面劳动合同作为用人单位的单方义务造成了理论上的困难,过分强调劳动合同要式性带来很多不便。对此,我国学界对事实劳动提出了“无效论”、“转化论”、“保护论”三种解决路径。比较大陆法系、英美法系及我国台湾地区事实劳动关系立法,大多数国家和地区都在尽力淡化劳动合同形式要件,承认各种劳动合同形式的合法性、合理性。因此,完善我国事实劳动法律制度,必须放宽对劳动合同形式的限制,促进劳动合同形式多样化、确立事实劳动关系的履行规则、完善劳动合同无效时的处理制度、规范兼职等双重劳动关系。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the golden period of steady and rapid economic development, all kinds of economic organizations in the socialist market economy are growing together, competing for development, especially. The scale and mobility of Chinese labor force is unique in the world. Under this background, whether the relationship between employers and workers is harmonious is not only related to the production and operation of enterprises. In recent years, China has formulated and implemented the Labor Law and the Labor contract Law, which has played a certain role in promoting the construction of harmonious labor relations. However, in the legislative concept. Our country emphasizes the function of the written labor contract too much, and holds a vague and uncertain attitude to the actual labor relations. There is such a phenomenon in the real economic life-for various reasons. There is no written labor contract between the employer and the laborer, but the laborer actually pays the paid labor service, which leads to the fact labor dispute. At the same time, the economic development of our country is in the active period. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of laborers, the views of Chinese labor law scholars on the treatment of factual labor relations will remain large for a long time. It is necessary to base on the basic national conditions of our country, draw lessons from the overseas legislative experience, carry on more thorough and meticulous research on the factual labor relations, and provide the train of thought for effectively solving the difficult problems of the factual labor relations. The fact of the existence of labor relations has an objective inevitability, is the labor market supply is more than demand, workers and employment enterprise legal consciousness is weak. The fact of labor relations has some basic characteristics, such as uncertain form, unclear rights and obligations, incomplete formal elements, and low degree of identification. There are four main types: the factual labor relationship formed without the conclusion of a valid written contract, and the factual labor relationship formed by the failure to renew the written labor contract in a timely manner. The factual labor relationship formed by the invalidation of the labor contract and the factual labor relation formed by the dual labor factual behavior. The legal system of our country's factual labor is not perfect. The fact that the legal design of labor relations processing model is not logical, the conclusion of a written labor contract as a unilateral obligation of employers has caused theoretical difficulties. Too much emphasis on the essential nature of labor contract brings a lot of inconvenience. For this, our academic circles put forward "invalid theory", "transformation theory", "protection theory" three ways to solve the problem. In Anglo-American law system and in Taiwan, most countries and regions try their best to desalinate the formal elements of labor contract, and recognize the legitimacy and rationality of various forms of labor contract. In order to perfect the legal system of factual labor in our country, we must relax the restrictions on the form of labor contract, promote the diversification of the form of labor contract, establish the performance rules of the factual labor relationship, and perfect the handling system when the labor contract is invalid. Regulate dual labor relations, such as part-time work.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.5

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