见义勇为者权益保障研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 13:23

本文关键词： 见义勇为行为无因管理受益人补偿请求权　出处：《广西师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 见义勇为是人类社会精神文明的体现,一直倍受道德的推崇与赞赏。当前在强调见义勇为道德价值的同时,忽视了见义勇为者的权益保障问题,造成大量英雄事后救济难的悲剧发生。本文认为仅仅对见义勇为者进行道德上的赞扬是不够的,更要注重对见义勇为者的权益保障。由此,本文分别从见义勇为行为的基本界定、法律属性、见义勇为的立法现状、国外“见义勇为法”对我国的借鉴以及见义勇为立法之构想等五方面内容进行分析研究,以期有助于推进对见义勇为者权益保障问题的理论研究。文章结构由引言、正文和结论三部分组成。全文约41000字,主要内容简介如下：引言以案例的形式提出问题：当今社会由于缺乏一个与见义勇为相对应的保障机制,造成了大量英雄流血又流泪的悲剧发生。为此,本文试对见义勇为相关法律问题做一些必要探讨,期望将来对全国见义勇为保障立法有所促进。正文共分五章内容：第一章内容是见义勇为行为的基本界定。本章共分四节：第一节是综合比较见义勇为行为在词典中的释义与地方立法中的界定,提出本文的见解,最后得出本文对见义勇为行为的概念界定；第二节是分别从主体、客体、主观因素及客观因素等四方面对见义勇为行为的法律成立要件予以界定；第三节是对见义勇为行为与正当防卫、紧急避险、无因管理以及助人为乐等行为的异同进行比较分析,以区别二者的差异；最后一节讨论的是见义勇为行为的基本类型,根据不同分类见义勇为者寻求的救济范围有所不同。第二章是见义勇为行为的法律属性。本章分二部分内容：第一部分主要是简要介绍目前国内关于界定见义勇为行为法律性质分别为正当防卫、紧急避险、防止侵害、行政协助、无因管理等各种学说,并对这些学说进行比较分析；第二部分是提出本文对见义勇为行为的法律性质的界定,认为见义勇为行为是兼具公、私法性质的无因管理。第三章是我国见义勇为的立法现状。本章分二部分内容：第一部分内容主要从民法、劳动法和社会保障法以及地方规范性文件等三方面内容来展开介绍目前国内关于见义勇为者法律救济的相关规定；第二部分是针对当前规定,提出本文认为因为缺乏见义勇为者权益保障的国家立法和国家补偿义务的缺失,所以造成了见义勇为者的善后救济不尽如人意。第四章是国外“见义勇为法”对我国的借鉴。本章分三部分内容：第一部分内容是介绍国外“见义勇为法”的概况；第二部分内容是介绍两大法系国家规定“见义勇为法”的主要内容；第三部分内容是借鉴国外“见义勇为法”内容,提出我国应在救助撤离、责任豁免以及损害补偿等方面对见义勇为者进行立法规定。第五章是见义勇为立法之构想。本章共分二节：第一节是建议确立见义勇为者的法律救济关系,具体包括确立见义勇为者的损害赔偿请求权、补偿请求权及其内容以及法律救济原则等；第二节是从立法形式和框架建议两方面入手,宏观上提出一些建议,希望能推进制定全国统一立法的理论研究。结论部分,本文主张国家是见义勇为行为的受益人,应明确国家对见义勇为者补偿义务主体地位。具体以法律形式规定国家以税收通过向基金会支付基金的方式来向见义勇为者履行补偿义务。同时,为了有效解决目前见义勇为者保障的相关法律救济存在的诸多弊端,本文建议制定一部全国统一的《见义勇为权益保障和表彰法》,切实保障见义勇为者失有所补、残有所养、德有所彰。
[Abstract]:It is not enough to pay attention to the protection of the rights and interests of the brave people , and to pay more attention to the protection of the rights and interests of the brave people . The article consists of three parts : preface , text and conclusion . The whole text is about 41,000 words . The main contents are as follows : The introduction takes the form of a case as a problem : in today ' s society , because of the lack of a safeguard mechanism corresponding to the sense of justice , a great deal of heroic blood and tears have taken place . To this end , the paper tries to make some necessary research on the relevant legal issues of the brave , and expects to promote the legislation in the future in the future . The text is divided into five chapters : The first chapter is divided into four sections : the first section is a comprehensive comparison of the definition of the behavior in the dictionary and the definition of local legislation , and puts forward the opinions of this article . Finally , the article gives a comparative analysis of the differences between the actions of the subject , object , subjective factor and objective factor . The second part of this chapter is to introduce the definition of the legal nature of the behavior of the brave act , and the second part is to put forward the definition of the legal nature of the act of moral courage . The second part is to put forward the definition of the legal nature of the act of the volunteer . The second part is to suggest that the act is the passive management of the nature of the public and private law . Chapter Three is the legislative status quo of our country ' s right of justice . This chapter is divided into two parts : the first part is mainly from the three aspects of the civil law , the labor law and the social security law and the local normative document . The second part is aiming at the current stipulation , this article argues that the lack of the national legislation and the state compensation obligation guaranteed by the rights and interests of the brave person is not satisfactory . The fourth chapter is a reference to our country from abroad . The first part of this chapter is to introduce the general situation of the " valevalour law " in foreign countries , and the second part is to introduce the main contents of " the law of justice " in foreign countries . The third part is to draw lessons from the content of " the law of the brave " in foreign countries , and put forward that our country should make legislative provisions for the brave people in the aspects of relief evacuation , exemption of responsibility and damage compensation . The first part is to establish the legal relief relation of the brave person , including the right to claim compensation for damages , the compensation claim and its contents and the principles of legal relief . The second part is to make some suggestions on the basis of the legislative form and the framework proposal , hoping to push forward the theoretical study of the national unification legislation . At the same time , in order to effectively solve the shortcomings of the legal remedies existing in the current situation , this paper proposes to establish a nationwide unified law for the protection and recognition of the rights and interests of the brave .

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D923

【引证文献】