论雇主的赔偿责任

发布时间：2018-03-27 10:28

本文选题：雇主　切入点：责任　出处：《安徽大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在法律允许的范围内，雇用他人从事某项工作已成为现代社会的一个显著特点。然而，随之而来的一个问题便是：受雇人在完成工作的过程中，由于故意或过失而损害他人的合法权益时的责任承担，以及受雇人自身受害时的责任分配。雇主与雇员的赔偿责任是一个十分重要的问题，它不仅关系到社会经济秩序的稳定，而且直接涉及到人们的财产和人身安全，因此完备的法律制度应当对此做出详细的规定。除了传统的劳动法调整领域内的雇用现象外，在民事活动领域内为了完成某项任务而短期地雇用他人的现象也普遍存在，比如说请个帮工、雇个保姆等。劳动法领域及民事领域的雇用都属于广义上的雇佣，但雇用关系的特征有着明显的差异，在我国用以规制的法律也不同，分别由劳动法和民法加以调解。目前国内针对民事关系中的雇主责任和劳动关系上的雇主责任的研究往往不加以区分，混杂论述，加之立法的不完善，以至于在责任认定、归责原则等有关问题上界定模糊。分清不同情形下雇主所应承担的责任已成了一个不可回避的问题。本文对劳动关系和劳务关系中雇主的对内对外责任以比较的方法加以论述，力求使有关雇主责任的制度构架更为清晰，同时也为实践中的雇主责任问题的解决提供方便。全文共分三大部分。第一部分介绍了雇主的分类，根据雇用关系的主体不同，分为劳动关系中的雇主和民事劳务关系中的雇主，并分别介绍其范围及特征。第二部分采用对比的方法介绍了雇主的对外责任，包括劳动关系中雇主对第三人的责任和劳务关系中雇主对第三人的责任，着重分析介绍了雇主责任的理论基础、构成要件和归责原则等。第三部分介绍了雇主的对内责任，即劳动关系中雇主对雇员的工伤责任和劳务关系中雇主对雇员受害的赔偿责任。总之，雇主责任问题既是一个复杂的理论问题，又是一个实践问题。本文主张在我国建立完善的雇主责任制度，合理地确定雇主雇员责任分配时所采用的归责原则，衡平雇主、雇员及受害人之间的利益，以适应雇主责任扩大化的需要。值此民法典制订之际，，借鉴国外的立法经验，结合我国具体情况，建立雇主责任制度已是立法所趋。
[Abstract]:To the extent permitted by law, the employment of others in a given work has become a distinct feature of modern society. Liability for damage to the legitimate rights and interests of others as a result of intent or negligence, as well as the distribution of liability when the employee himself is victimized. The liability of the employer and the employee is a very important issue, which is not only related to the stability of the social and economic order, And it is directly related to people's property and personal security, so the perfect legal system should make detailed provisions on this. In addition to the employment phenomenon in the field of traditional labor law adjustment, It is also common in the field of civil affairs to hire others for a short period of time in order to accomplish a certain task, such as hiring a helper, hiring a babysitter, etc. Employment in the field of labor law and in the field of civil affairs all belong to the broad sense of employment. However, the characteristics of the employment relationship are obviously different, and the laws used to regulate the employment relationship are also different in our country. The current domestic research on employer's responsibility in civil relations and employer's responsibility in labor relations is often not distinguished, mixed discussion, coupled with imperfect legislation, so that the responsibility of the identification, The definition of liability principle and other related issues is vague. It has become an unavoidable problem to distinguish the responsibility of the employer under different circumstances. This paper discusses the employer's responsibility to the internal and external in labor relations and labor relations in order to make the institutional framework of employer's liability more clear. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part introduces the classification of employers, according to the main body of the employment relationship. It is divided into employers in labor relations and employers in civil labor relations, and their scope and characteristics are introduced respectively. Including the employer's responsibility to the third party in the labor relations and the employer's responsibility to the third party in the labor relations, the author emphatically introduces the theoretical basis, the constitutive elements and the imputation principle of the employer's liability. The third part introduces the employer's internal responsibility. That is, the employer's liability to the employee in labor relations and the employer's liability to the employee's injury in the labor relationship. In a word, the problem of employer's liability is not only a complicated theoretical problem, but also a practical one. Balancing the interests of employers, employees and victims in order to meet the needs of the expansion of the employer's liability. At the time of the formulation of the Civil Code, drawing on the legislative experience of foreign countries and combining with the specific conditions of our country, it is a legislative trend to establish the employer's liability system.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D923

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