加工贸易、劳动力成本与农民工就业——兼论新劳动法和次贷危机对我国加工贸易出口的影响

发布时间：2018-04-22 22:20

本文选题：加工贸易 + 劳动力成本　；参考：《世界经济研究》2009年01期

【摘要】：经济全球化推动了加工贸易的开展。我国的对外开放开始于加工贸易活动的开展,开展该项活动的经济体都是通过开放具有比较优势的劳动力市场吸引外部直接投资来从事加工装配活动。我国加工出口的快速增长得益于农村的经济体制改革和农村剩余劳动力转移带来的低劳动力成本,得益于改革开放后实施的出口导向战略,解决了农村大量剩余劳动力就业,我国在加工贸易分工和利益分配中所处的地位也是基本合理的,实施新劳动法等因素导致了劳动力成本大幅度上升。劳动力成本和商务成本上升已使我国东部地区在劳动密集产品加工装配环节的比较优势丧失,次贷危机也使加工出口的外部环境恶化,加工企业面临前所未有的困难,也带来了严重的失业问题。应鼓励加工企业及其配套产业向中西部地区转移。
[Abstract]:Economic globalization has promoted the development of processing trade. China's opening to the outside world begins with the development of processing trade, and the economies engaged in this activity are engaged in processing and assembly activities by opening up the labor market with comparative advantages to attract external direct investment. The rapid growth of China's processing exports is due to the low labor costs brought about by the reform of the rural economic system and the transfer of rural surplus labor, and the export-oriented strategy implemented after the reform and opening up, which has solved the problem of employment of a large number of surplus rural labor. China's position in the division of labor and the distribution of benefits in processing trade is basically reasonable. The implementation of the new labor law and other factors have led to a large increase in labor costs. The increase of labor cost and commercial cost has made the comparative advantage of labor intensive product processing and assembly link lost in eastern China, and the external environment of processing and export has deteriorated due to the subprime mortgage crisis, and processing enterprises are facing unprecedented difficulties. There is also a serious unemployment problem. Processing enterprises and their supporting industries should be encouraged to transfer to the central and western regions.
【作者单位】：河南财经学院国际经贸学院;
【分类号】：F752.68;F249.2

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