论我国环境司法案例指导制度的构建

发布时间：2018-06-07 12:18

本文选题：环境司法案例指导制度 + 判例制度　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于我国环境法中的衡量尺度难以统一,许多环境衡量指标缺乏具体的规定。另外,即便是对环境质量的衡量有了统一标准,接下去的另一个问题,就是在造成环境损害之后的赔偿、补偿、惩罚尺度上,缺乏必要的规定。许多案件更是因时因事因人而不同。虽然我国不同地区的经济发展水平不同,不止一个法律部门存在因地区不同而定不同标准的状况,但如民法、劳动法等部门已经对赔偿尺度有了成熟的规则,而环梵法在这方面仍然育待堤高。岁C次,因为环境法足综合的法律部门,其j卜身涉炙姐址会关系有可能走向多端,其需要适用的诉讼程序,有多种可能,所以在处理涉及环境法的案件时,难度就更大。一方面是我国处理环境案件本身的不成熟,一方面又是环境案件自身的错综复杂。这时候,环境司法案例指导制度的示范作用可以得到最大程度的发挥。本论文分四部分。第一部分,笔者通过对我国环境立法、司法的现状进行分析并对环境司法案例指导制度及其相关概念进行区别后认为,我国应该建构具有中国特色的环境司法案例指导制度,并赋予其准司法解释的地位,促进统一的强制性案例指导格局的形成,使其成为我国现有制定法的有效补充。所以笔者将重点放在阐明将案例指导制度引入环境司法领域的合理性和制度设计上。第二部分,笔者从三个方面论述了构建环境司法案例指导制度的理论依据。政治上,构建该制度能加大我国政治体制改革的力度；经济上,该制度是我国生产力发展需要；文化上,环境司法案例指导制度不仅符合世界环保文化的发展规律,而且符合中华的传统文化。因此,在我国构建环境司法案例指导制度是十分必要的。第三部分,在确定了构建环境司法案例指导制度的合理性之后,笔者从英美法系与大陆法系逐渐融合的趋势中受到启发,对如何使案例指导制度在我国环境司法中实现本土化提出了几点愚见。第四部分,笔者认为若要建立和完善环境司法案例指导制度,必须确立该制度的基本原则、明确有权制定和发布环境司法案例的主体、建立严格的遴选制度(具体包括环境司法指导性案例的选编条件和标准、编纂、申报、公布、清理)以及监督机制。总之,建立健全环境司法案例指导制度有助于弥补现行环境法律法规中存在的缺陷,同时为对后续立法提供较大的参考价值；有助于法官对之后相似的环境案件作出类的指引,使法官在审理类似案件时有明确的方向。该制度还对法官的素质提出更高的要求,它不仅要求法官具备熟练的业务知识和深厚的理论修养,而且还能善于运用法律意识来裁判案件,并能根据社会发展的要求和对社会发展的预测来创新判例,这对提高广大法官的素质、提高审判质量具有重大作用。
[Abstract]:Because it is difficult to unify the measure of environmental law in our country, many environmental measurement indexes are lack of specific regulations. In addition, even if there is a unified standard for the measurement of environmental quality, the next problem is the lack of necessary provisions for compensation, and penalties after causing environmental damage. Many cases vary from time to time and from person to person. Although different regions in China have different levels of economic development, and more than one legal department has different standards according to different regions, such departments as civil law and labor law have already developed mature rules on the scale of compensation. In this respect, the Ring-Vatican Law is still waiting for the height of the embankment. Years old C times, because of the comprehensive legal department of environmental law, its relationship may go to many ends, its need for applicable proceedings, there are many possibilities, so in dealing with cases involving environmental law, the difficulty is even greater. On the one hand, it is the immaturity of dealing with environmental cases in China, on the other hand, it is the complexity of environmental cases themselves. At this time, the environmental judicial case guidance system can play a role of demonstration to the greatest extent. This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, the author analyzes the current situation of our country's environmental legislation and judicature and distinguishes the environmental judicial case guidance system and its related concepts, and thinks that our country should construct the environmental judicial case guidance system with Chinese characteristics. And give it the status of quasi-judicial interpretation, promote the formation of a unified mandatory case guidance pattern, make it become an effective supplement to the existing laws of our country. Therefore, the author focuses on clarifying the rationality and institutional design of introducing the case guidance system into the field of environmental justice. In the second part, the author discusses the theoretical basis of constructing environmental judicial case guidance system from three aspects. Politically, the construction of this system can strengthen the reform of our country's political system; economically, it is the need of the development of productive forces in China; culturally, the environmental judicial case guidance system not only conforms to the law of the development of the world's environmental protection culture, And in line with the traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, it is very necessary to construct environmental judicial case guidance system in our country. The third part, after determining the rationality of establishing the environmental judicial case guidance system, the author is inspired by the trend of the gradual integration of Anglo-American law system and civil law system. This paper puts forward some humble opinions on how to realize the localization of the case guidance system in the environmental justice of our country. In the fourth part, the author thinks that if we want to establish and perfect the guiding system of environmental judicial cases, we must establish the basic principles of this system and make clear the subjects who have the power to formulate and publish environmental judicial cases. Establish a strict selection system (including environmental judicial guidance case selection conditions and standards, compilation, declaration, publication, clean-up) and supervision mechanism. In short, the establishment of a sound environmental justice case guidance system will help to make up for the existing deficiencies in environmental laws and regulations, at the same time to provide a greater reference value for subsequent legislation; to help judges to make similar environmental cases after the type of guidance, Give a judge a clear direction in hearing a similar case. The system also puts forward higher requirements for the quality of judges. It requires judges not only to have skilled professional knowledge and profound theoretical accomplishment, but also to be good at using legal consciousness to adjudicate cases. According to the demand of social development and the forecast of social development, the precedent can be innovated, which plays an important role in improving the quality of judges and improving the quality of trial.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.68;D926

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