劳动者保密义务研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 11:07

本文选题：保密义务 + 商业秘密　；参考：《西南政法大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：商业秘密是企业在激烈的市场竞争中取得竞争优势的关键因素,而劳动者的流动极易造成企业商业秘密泄露的风险,如何在保护商业秘密与劳动者合法权益之间进行平衡就显得尤为重要。我国关于保密义务的相关规定散见于劳动法、公司法、反不正当竞争法等领域,对保密义务的性质、主体以及责任承担的规定杂乱不一,难以形成体系性的立法认识。例如保密义务的性质是附随义务还是约定义务?另外,对保密义务的主体认识也不一,我国《公司法》规定,公司高管不得擅自披露公司的商业秘密,而《劳动合同法》也将公司高管纳入保密义务的主体范畴,这就引起了公司高管是否属于劳动者的广泛争论,并延伸到对负有保密义务的劳动者的判断标准之争。最终引发出违反保密义务的是侵权还是违约的责任竞合路径选择难题。针对上述问题,本文围绕劳动者保密义务的性质、公司高管劳动主体的确认以及违反保密义务时的责任竞合问题展开论述,结合我国劳动者保密义务的立法与司法发展现状,尝试提出部分解决方案,以此保护企业的商业秘密和劳动者的合法权益。文章正文共分为四个部分。第一部分:该部分以三个涉及劳动法领域、公司法领域、反不正当竞争法领域的司法裁判案例,引出文章需要论证的问题。这些问题分别是保密义务的性质认定,公司高管劳动主体的确认以及违反保密义务时的责任竞合。第二部分:该部分主要从学术界现有的关于保密义务的理论观点出发,阐述作为保密义务理论渊源忠实义务的相关内容,并对理论界存在的保密义务性质争议进行展示。除此之外,该部分还包括保密义务的客体、保密义务的主体范围以及违反保密义务,出现责任竞合时的路径选择等内容。第三部分:该部分主要从立法和司法两个层面出发:一方面,列举我国现行涉及保密义务的法律、地方性法规、部门规章,反映出我国保密义务的立法现状;另一方面,运用三组案例数据直观展现劳动者保密义务的司法裁判现状。第四部分:该部分主要结合前三个部分关于保密义务存在的问题以及立法、司法现状,提出以下建议:明确离职劳动者是否负有保密义务的判断标准,确定受劳动法调整的公司高管的范围,明晰其他负有保密义务的劳动者的判定标准,明确侵权责任与违约责任竞合时的路径。
[Abstract]:Trade secret is the key factor for enterprises to gain competitive advantage in the fierce market competition, and the mobility of workers can easily lead to the risk of leakage of business secrets. How to balance the protection of trade secrets with the legitimate rights and interests of workers is particularly important. The relevant provisions on the obligation of confidentiality in China are scattered in the fields of labor law, company law, anti-unfair competition law, and so on. The nature, subject and responsibility of the obligation of confidentiality are mixed, so it is difficult to form a systematic legislative understanding. For example, is the nature of the obligation of confidentiality an collateral obligation or an agreed obligation? In addition, there is also a different understanding of the subject of the obligation of confidentiality. According to the Company Law of our country, company executives may not disclose the company's trade secrets without authorization, and the Labor contract Law also includes senior executives in the subject category of the duty of confidentiality. This has led to widespread debate about whether corporate executives belong to workers and extend to disputes over criteria for workers with confidentiality obligations. The ultimate cause of breach of confidentiality obligation is tort or breach of contract liability competing path choice problem. In view of the above problems, this paper focuses on the nature of the employee's obligation to keep secret, the confirmation of the principal part of the company's senior management and the problem of the concurrence of the responsibility when violating the duty of confidentiality, combining with the present situation of the legislation and judicial development of the duty of confidentiality of the laborer in China. Try to put forward some solutions to protect the business secrets of enterprises and the legitimate rights and interests of workers. The text of the article is divided into four parts. In the first part, three cases involving the field of labor law, the field of company law and the field of anti-unfair competition law are introduced, which lead to the problems that need to be demonstrated. These problems are the nature of confidentiality obligations, the confirmation of the main body of senior executives and the concurrence of responsibilities when violating the obligation of confidentiality. The second part: this part mainly from the academic theory point of view on the obligations of confidentiality, elaborated as the theoretical origin of the obligations of confidentiality obligations related content, and the nature of confidentiality obligations in the theoretical circle of controversy is demonstrated. In addition, this part also includes the object of the obligation of confidentiality, the scope of the subject of the obligation of confidentiality and the choice of path when the duty of confidentiality is violated. Part three: this part mainly starts from the two aspects of legislation and judicature: on the one hand, it enumerates the existing laws, local regulations and departmental regulations concerning the obligation of confidentiality in our country, which reflect the current legislative situation of the obligation of confidentiality in our country; on the other hand, Use three groups of case data intuitively to show the labor confidentiality obligations of the status quo of judicial adjudication. Part IV: this part mainly combines the problems of the first three parts about the obligation of confidentiality and the current situation of legislation and judicature, and puts forward the following suggestions: make clear whether the former workers have the judgment standard of the obligation of confidentiality. Determine the scope of the company's top executives adjusted by labor laws, clarify the criteria for other workers with confidentiality obligations, and clarify the path of competing liability for tort and breach of contract.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D920.5;D922.291.91;D922.5

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