故意拖欠民工工资罪刑事立法化初探

发布时间：2018-07-05 12:42

本文选题：拖欠 + 民工工资　；参考：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国拖欠农民工工资的现象十分普遍,根据全国总工会最近一年的统计数据显示,农民工被拖欠的工资估计可能在1000亿左右,而因故意拖欠民工工资引发的恶性事件也呈逐年上升的趋势,诸如震惊全国的“农民工王斌余讨薪未果杀4人”等,这些案件的发生,已经严重危害了社会的稳定与和谐,成为中国必须解决的重要问题。而对于故意拖欠民工工资行为是否应纳入刑法规制,笔者在本文中结合学界的各种观点、以及参考国外的立法规定阐述了自己对于这个问题的看法,全文共分为四个部分: 第一部分笔者重在阐述增设故意拖欠民工工资罪的必要性,从因故意拖欠民工工资而引发的一系列恶性事件入手,突出显示了因讨薪引发恶性事件的普遍性和严重性,从而揭示了故意拖欠行为所具有的极大的社会危害性,而在论述此种行为为什么具有社会危害性时,先引出了反对者的观点,即他们认为故意拖欠民工工资行为更多的是一种违反契约的行为,雇主与农民工之间的关系是民法上的债权债务关系,然后通过对反对者观点的反驳以及笔者自己的观点,即笔者从故意拖欠行为不利于社会生产力的发展、容易引发许多社会问题、具有严重的伦理上的毒害性三方面论证该行为具有严重的社会危害性。另外,在论述完该行为具有社会危害性之后,通过对现行立法、司法缺陷的分析,诸如劳动法等相关条文规定的较为原则,不利于实践操作、维权成本高昂等一系列缺点,指出将故意拖欠民工工资行为入罪是十分必要的,本章重点采用了正反论证的方法来阐述将该行为入罪的必要性。第二部分笔者重在阐述增设故意拖欠民工工资罪的可行性,首先表现为国外及有关地区立法可资借鉴,罗列了德国、俄罗斯、香港与韩国的立法规定,并指出与我国同处于儒家文化圈下的香港和韩国对我们的借鉴价值更大,其次可行性还表现在我国已具备将故意拖欠民工工资行为入罪的理论和实务基础,理论基础从刑法谦抑性、刑法的直接目的和功能、刑罚效益—成本三个方面来阐述,实务基础则表现在刑法修正案八的出台以及实践中已经处理的一大批恶意欠薪的案件给予我们的经验和启示。第三部分是故意拖欠民工工资罪的立法研究,包括了故意拖欠民工工资罪的概念表述,即故意拖欠民工工资罪,指雇主以非法占有为目的,违反劳动管理法规,超过支付工资日30天有能力支付而不支付或者以转移财产、逃匿等方法逃避支付农民工的劳动报酬的行为;其次为对该罪的法条设计、构成要件的解读以及法定刑设置的理由,其中又涉及了基本法定刑与加重法定刑的设置等相关问题。第四部分是故意拖欠民工工资罪在司法实践中的可能问题研究。包括了本罪保护对象的农民工身份如何界定、主观方面的恶意如何认定、举证责任应如何分担更为合理以及故意拖欠民工工资罪与侵占罪、恶意欠薪罪的区别。通过本文的阐述,笔者旨在说明,将故意拖欠民工工资行为单独入罪,在当前的劳资环境下,是刻不容缓的,它亟需受到刑法的规制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the wage arrears of migrant workers in China are very common. According to the statistical data of the last year of the National Federation of trade unions, the wages of migrant workers may be estimated to be about 100 billion, and the malignant events caused by the intentional arrears of migrant workers' wages are increasing year by year, such as the "Wang Bin's salary that shocked the whole country". Not killing 4 people, and so on, the occurrence of these cases has seriously endanger the stability and harmony of the society, and has become an important problem that must be solved in China. The full text is divided into four parts:
In the first part, the author expounds the necessity of adding the crime of intentional arrears to the wages of migrant workers, starting with a series of malignant events caused by the intentional arrears of migrant workers' wages, and highlights the universality and seriousness of the malignant events caused by wages, thus revealing the great social harmfulness of the intentional arrears. When the kind of behavior is social harmfulness, it first leads to the opinion of the opposition, that is that they think that the intentional arrears of the wages of migrant workers are more of a kind of violation of the contract, the relationship between the employer and the migrant workers is the creditor's right and debt relationship in civil law, and then through the refutation to the views of the opponents and the author's own point of view, that is to say, the pen is a pen. The intentional delinquency is not conducive to the development of social productivity, which can easily lead to many social problems, and the three aspects of serious ethical toxicity prove that the behavior has serious social harmfulness. In addition, after discussing the social harmfulness of the act, the analysis of current legislation, judicial defects, such as labor law, etc. The relative provisions of the provisions of the more principles, not conducive to practice, the high cost of rights, and a series of shortcomings, pointing out that the intentional arrears of wage arrears to migrant workers is very necessary. This chapter focuses on the method of positive and negative demonstration to explain the necessity of the act of incrimination.
In the second part, the author focuses on the feasibility of increasing the crime of intentional arrears of migrant workers' wages. First, it shows that the legislation of foreign and related areas can be used for reference, and lists the legislative provisions of Germany, Russia, Hongkong and Korea, and points out that Hongkong and South Korea, in the Confucian cultural circle, are more valuable for us and second feasibility. It also shows that China has the theoretical and practical basis of the crime of intentional arrears of migrant workers' wages. The theoretical basis is explained from the three aspects of the modesty of criminal law, the direct purpose and function of the criminal law and the cost of penalty, and the practical basis is a large number of malicious arrears that have been dealt with in the introduction of the amendment eight of the criminal law and in practice. The case gives us the experience and inspiration.
The third part is the legislative study of the crime of intentional arrears of migrant workers' wages, including the concept of intentional arrears of the wage crime of migrant workers, namely, the intentional arrears of the crime of wage arrears of migrant workers, which means that the employer is in violation of the regulations of labor management for the purpose of illegal possession, and is able to pay but not pay or transfer property and to escape by 30 days of payment. The act of paying peasant laborers' labor remuneration; secondly, the design of the law of the crime, the interpretation of the constitutive requirements and the reasons for the setting of legal punishment, which also involves the related problems of the basic legal punishment and the setting of the aggravated legal punishment.
The fourth part is the study of the possibility of the crime of intentional arrears of migrant workers' wages in judicial practice. It includes how to define the identity of the migrant workers, how to identify the subjective malice, how to share the burden of proof more reasonably and the difference between the crime of emigrant wages and the crime of embezzlement and the crime of maliciously arrears.
Through the elaboration of this article, the author aims to explain that it is urgent to commit the intentional arrears of wage arrears to the offense of migrant workers in the current labor and capital environment, and it is urgently required to be regulated by the criminal law.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D924.3

【引证文献】