劳动法视野下的保险营销员权益保护

发布时间：2018-12-07 10:10

【摘要】： 代理制保险营销员制度1992年被美国友邦保险公司带入中国,十多年来,保险营销员已成为我国保险业高速发展的源动力之一。但就是这样一个为我国保险业发展做出巨大贡献的群体,在劳动权益的保护上却处于完全缺失的地位,没有任何保障和福利。保险营销员劳动权益保障缺失的根源在于其与保险公司的关系在理论与现实层面所爆发的矛盾与冲突。从法律定性来说,保险营销员与保险公司之间处于委托代理关系,不存在劳动关系,保险营销员定位于个人保险代理人。但在现实层面,保险营销员与保险公司的代理关系不仅不规范,而且保险公司还对保险营销员实行员工制管理,从而形成一种代理关系和劳动关系的混合状态,即既不是纯粹的代理关系,也不是纯粹的劳动关系,两种关系交错存在于保险营销员和保险公司的交往之中。这种混合关系可以视为是一种隐蔽的劳动关系,根据“事实优先”原则和“从属性”标准,绝大多数的混合关系都可以认定为事实劳动关系。混合关系的存在使得保险公司一边可以对保险营销员进行类似劳动者的管理模式,一边又可以以与保险营销员签订的是代理合同而非劳动合同、双方是代理关系而非劳动关系为由,规避其应承担的社会保障和劳动福利义务。我国保险营销员劳动权益保护体系的构建,必须充分考虑我国保险市场发展的实际情况,结合我国保险营销模式的特色,而不能盲目照搬和移植他国制度。可以选择一种包含代理制、员工制以及专属代理公司制在内的综合模式,通过保险公司留用一部分、专业代理公司吸收一部分、个人代理人转化一部分这三种方式分流现有的保险营销人员。在具体的制度设计上,除了应当进一步完善社会保险和商业性的养老、医疗保险外,还应当注意成立保险代理人同业工会,大力发展专业的保险代理公司。
[Abstract]:Agent insurance marketer system was brought into China by American friends insurance company in 1992. In the past ten years, insurance marketer has become one of the driving forces for the rapid development of insurance industry in China. But it is such a group that has made great contribution to the development of insurance industry in our country, but it is in a completely lacking position in the protection of labor rights and interests, without any protection and welfare. The root of the lack of insurance salesman's labor rights and interests is the contradiction and conflict between the insurance company and the insurance company in theory and reality. From the legal qualitative analysis, the insurance marketer and insurance company are in the principal-agent relationship, there is no labor relation, and the insurance marketer is located in the personal insurance agent. However, on the practical level, the agent relationship between insurance marketers and insurance companies is not only not standardized, but also insurance companies implement employee system management to insurance marketers, thus forming a mixed state of agency relationship and labor relationship. It is neither a pure agency relationship nor a pure labor relationship. The two relationships intersect in the communication between insurance marketers and insurance companies. This kind of mixed relationship can be regarded as a kind of covert labor relation. According to the principle of "fact first" and the criterion of "subordinate attribute", most of the mixed relations can be regarded as factual labor relations. The existence of a mixed relationship allows insurance companies to carry out laborer-like management models for insurance marketers on the one hand and agent contracts rather than labor contracts with insurance marketers on the other. Both parties are agency relations, not labor relations, to avoid their social security and labor welfare obligations. The construction of labor rights and interests protection system for insurance marketers in our country must fully consider the actual situation of the development of insurance market in our country and combine the characteristics of insurance marketing mode in our country, instead of blindly copying and transplanting other countries' systems. You can choose a comprehensive model that includes the agency system, the employee system and the exclusive agency company system, which can be retained by the insurance company and absorbed by the professional agency company. Personal agents transform part of these three ways to divert existing insurance marketers. In the specific system design, in addition to the further improvement of social insurance and commercial old-age insurance, medical insurance, we should also pay attention to the establishment of insurance agents trade union, vigorously develop professional insurance agency companies.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：F842

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