保护既有权益是民法典编纂的底线

发布时间：2018-02-01 22:12

本文关键词： 民法典编纂既有权益宅基地标准面积家庭财产　出处：《法学》2015年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：民法典编纂是大型法律工程,既能带来积极的社会效益,但稍有疏漏,也可能损害人民的既有权益。故谋大工程者,不得不先防其害,再谋其利。本国民法史上,违反立法者初衷而损害人民既有权益的情形有两种,第一种是因首次立法,打破或扰动民事习惯中的利益关系,如《民国民法典》中的永佃权制度;第二种是因新法出台,剥夺或减损旧法确认的民事权利,如《物权法》疏于规定的宅基地使用权、坟葬的土地使用权等。保住人民的既有利益,是民法典编纂的底线。击穿这条底线,是不能容忍的。为达此目标,在编纂民法典时,应在总则和各编中逐层回应民事习惯和固有习惯法,并强化建国以来法律和政策中已经确认的各种民事权利。
[Abstract]:The codification of civil code is a large-scale legal project, which can bring positive social benefits, but some omissions may also damage the existing rights and interests of the people. In the history of civil law of our country, there are two kinds of cases that violate the original intention of legislator and damage people's existing rights and interests. The first kind is to break or disturb the interest relation in civil custom because of the first legislation. For example, the system of permanent tenancy in the Civil Code of the Republic of China; The second is to deprive or derogate from the civil rights recognized by the old law because of the new law, such as the neglect of the right to use the homestead, the right to use the grave and the right to use the land for burial, and so on, so as to protect the existing interests of the people. It is intolerable to break through the bottom line of civil code codification. In order to achieve this goal, civil custom and inherent customary law should be responded to layer by layer in the general principles and the various parts of the civil code. And strengthen the civil rights that have been recognized in the laws and policies since the founding of the people's Republic of China.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学法学院;
【分类号】：D923
【正文快照】： 法治中国的建设目前面临两个基本矛盾:一是粗野的公权力得不到有效拘束,公民权利在公权力面前没有足够防护;二是不尊重传统,老百姓不能按习惯的生活方式舒适生活。民法典应致力于缓解以上两个矛盾。然而,民法学家却往往把民法典的体系化或逻辑化问题放在民法典编纂的首位。体

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