消费者权益保护法范式转化的经济学解释

发布时间：2018-02-11 20:53

本文关键词： 民法范式经济法范式私人利益公共利益　出处：《上海财经大学学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：现代消费者权益保护法的内容是由私法和经济法两种不同的制度范式构成的。这两种制度范式的不同主要体现在三个方面:一是消费者权益保护法保护什么?对此,民法范式认为其保护的是体现于具体受害消费者的私人物品上的私人利益,而经济法范式则认为其保护的是体现于消费品交易秩序上的公共利益。二是消费者权益保护法以何保护?对此,民法范式保护客体的属性决定了权利是保护消费者利益的最佳工具,而经济法范式保护客体的属性决定了社会责任是保护消费者利益的最佳工具。三是消费者权益保护法如何保护?对此,民法范式是以私人主导的事后责任规则,主要是依私人为获得救济而提起诉讼为主导来实现保护;而经济法范式则是公共执法为主导的以事前规制规则,主要是执法机关为防止损害发生而制定规则予以规导及执法,同时辅以公益诉讼来实现。文章以我国修订后的"消法",以及最高人民法院有关审理消费者纠纷案件的两则司法解释为样本,采用经济分析方法,对两种"消法"保护范式保护的法益、保护方式以及实现方式进行比较,对理解或解释"消法"的经济法范式予以阐释,以期对"消法"未来的完善以及对当下新制度的恰切解释提供理论支撑。
[Abstract]:The content of modern consumer rights and interests protection law is composed of two different institutional paradigms of private law and economic law. The differences between these two institutional paradigms are mainly reflected in three aspects: first, what is the protection of consumer rights and interests protection law? In this regard, the paradigm of civil law considers that it protects the private interests embodied in the private goods of the specific aggrieved consumers. The paradigm of economic law holds that it protects the public interest embodied in the order of consumer goods transaction. The second is how to protect the law of consumer rights and interests? In view of this, the nature of object protection in civil law paradigm determines that right is the best tool to protect the interests of consumers. However, the nature of the object protection in the paradigm of economic law determines that social responsibility is the best tool to protect the interests of consumers. Third, how to protect the rights and interests of consumers? In this regard, the paradigm of civil law is the rule of post responsibility, which is mainly based on the private litigation for relief, while the paradigm of economic law is the rule of prior regulation, which is dominated by public law enforcement. It is mainly the law enforcement agencies that make rules to prevent damage and enforce the law. At the same time, it is accompanied by public interest litigation. The article uses the revised "law of extinction" and the two judicial interpretations of the Supreme people's Court concerning the hearing of consumer disputes as samples, and adopts the economic analysis method. This paper compares the legal interests, the ways of protection and the ways of realization of the protection of the two "extinction" protection paradigms, and explains the economic law paradigm of understanding or interpreting the "elimination law". The purpose is to provide theoretical support for the future perfection of the law and the proper interpretation of the present new system.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学法学院;
【分类号】：D923.8

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