论占有之诉

发布时间：2018-03-08 20:59

本文选题：占有之诉　切入点：确认之诉　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：占有之诉是占有保护在程序上的体现,是占有在《物权法》保护上延伸,也是民事诉讼中的热点和难点问题。占有之诉可以追溯到罗马法时期,在近现代国家中也普通适用。目前我国关于物权的主要诉讼类型,是关于确认物权是否存在的“确认之诉”。关于物权的诉讼案由在《民事案件案由规定》中,规定的是所有权、用益物权和担保物权确认纠纷这三类,这类纠纷的解决往往成为解决其他物权纠纷的前提。而对于占有,就其诉讼保护而言,理论上和实体法上主要规定和探讨的是占有人的占有物返还、排除妨害、排除妨害、消除妨害危险等几种请求权诉讼。占有事实往往是占有人寻求保护时需要证明的前提和内容,没必要进行“确认之诉”,而且“确认之诉”证明的程序繁琐。另外在我国程序法中还没有专门关于占有的诉讼程序,因此为了更好的解决我国种类繁多的占有纠纷,我国需要在程序上确立相应的占有之诉。本文由导论、正文、结论三部分组成。其中导论部分主要交代了本文选题的研究意义、国内外研究现状以及研究方法,结论则是对整篇文章的主要内容进行概括。正文由以下四部分组成:第一部分是占有之诉的基本理论界定。其中占有之诉的概念包括占有之诉的广义和狭义的含义,占有之诉的相关制度是从占有之诉与本权之诉、占有之诉与侵权之诉和假处分制度来写的。这几个制度与占有之诉密切相关,有必要明确占有之诉与这些制度的关系。第二部分是占有之诉的历史演变及启示。本文从占有之诉的历史渊源入手,分析了罗马法和日耳曼法时期的占有之诉,占有之诉的历史悠久,早在罗马时就已出现。占有之诉从罗马法和日耳曼法慢慢演变成近现代国家的占有之诉,包括德国、法国、日本和台湾地区等,这些国家对于占有之诉都有比较成熟的规定,本部分通过对这些国家的的占有之诉理论及实践进行分析研究,以从正面更好的指导我国占有之诉的适用。第三部分阐述了占有之诉在我国设立的理论意义和实践价值。其中理论意义主要体现保护占有的简便和快捷,无需借助本权保护以及可以保障占有人的诉权等方面进行阐述。实践价值是从我国现实生活中存在的占有保护出现的问题、司法对占有保护的现状方面以及我国设立占有之诉的可行性等反面进论证,分析了我国占有不能得到及时保护及目前我国占有保护需要借助本权保护,而证明本权极其繁琐和艰难这一现状。第四部分阐述了占有之诉构建的初步构想。这一部分探讨并明晰了占有之诉的当事人、占有之诉的管辖、占有之诉的举证责任、抗辩、占有之诉的适用程序和占有之诉中的反诉等占有之诉中的主要问题。期望通过这一系列制度设立可以推动我国在程序法上对我国占有保护的完善,尽早把占有之诉这一制度纳入我国民事诉讼法。
[Abstract]:The action of possession is the embodiment of the protection of possession in procedure, the extension of possession in the protection of property law, and also the hot and difficult issue in civil litigation. The action of possession can be traced back to the Roman law period. At present, the main types of litigation about real right in our country are "the action of confirmation" about the existence of real right. The cause of action on real right is stipulated in the "Civil case case provision", which stipulates the ownership right. There are three types of disputes: usufructuary right and security right. The settlement of this kind of dispute is often the premise of resolving other real right disputes. As for possession, as far as its litigation protection is concerned, In theory and substantive law, the main provisions and discussions are the return of the possessor's possession, the elimination of obstruction, the elimination of obstruction, The fact of possession is often the prerequisite and content to be proved when the possessor is seeking protection. There is no need for a "suit of confirmation", and the procedure for proof of a "suit of confirmation" is cumbersome. In addition, there is no specific procedure for possession in the procedural law of our country, so in order to better resolve the various types of possession disputes in our country, This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. Among them, the introduction mainly explains the significance of the research on this topic, the domestic and foreign research status and the research methods. The conclusion is to summarize the main content of the whole article. The text consists of the following four parts: the first part is the definition of the basic theory of the action of possession, in which the concept of the action of possession includes the broad sense and narrow meaning of the action of possession. The relevant system of possession action is written from possession action and original right action, possession action and tort action and false disposition system. These systems are closely related to possession action. It is necessary to clarify the relationship between possession action and these systems. The second part is the historical evolution and enlightenment of possession action. The action of possession has a long history and has appeared since as early as Rome. It has evolved from Roman law and Germanic law to modern and modern countries, including Germany, France, Japan and Taiwan, etc. These countries have relatively mature provisions for possession action. This part analyzes and studies the theory and practice of possession action in these countries. The third part expounds the theoretical significance and practical value of possession action in China, in which the theoretical meaning mainly reflects the simplicity and rapidity of the protection of possession. There is no need to use the protection of this right and the protection of the possessor's right of action, etc. The practical value is a problem arising from the protection of possession in the real life of our country. On the present situation of judicial possession protection and the feasibility of establishing possession action in China, the author analyzes that China's possession cannot be protected in time and that China's possession protection needs to be protected with the help of this right at present. In the 4th part, the author expounds the initial conception of the construction of the possession action. This part discusses and clarifies the parties, jurisdiction, burden of proof and defense of the possession action. The main problems in possession action, such as the applicable procedure of possession action and the counterclaim in possession action, are expected to promote the perfection of our country's possession protection in procedural law through the establishment of this series of systems. As soon as possible, the possession of the system into our civil procedure law.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.2

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