老年人精神赡养法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 01:27

本文选题：老年人　切入点：老龄化　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：至2013年年末,我国大陆60周岁以上的人口已经突破了2亿人,达到总人口的比重的14.9%,我国已经正式步入老龄化社会。人口学家预测,到了2050年,我国大陆60周岁以上的人口将占总人口比重的29.9%。这表明,在我们生活的国度里,遇见的三个中国人当中,就有一个人是老年人。随着社会的不断进步,经济的飞速发展,生活水平的提高,老年人的物质赡养已经基本得到满足,在物质需求得到满足后,追求精神需求满足的欲望越来越强烈,因此,近些年出现了大量老年人状告子女要求对其进行精神赡养的案件。赡养老人是中国传统孝道伦理,也是法律赋予我们的义务。当前,我国仍然以家庭养老为主要的养老方式,绝大多数子女对赡养的认知层次只限于物质赡养和生活照顾,没有达到精神赡养的高度,导致很多老年人的精神需求得不到满足。在法律条文中,对于精神赡养的规定,也只停留在鼓励和倡导层面上,对于精神赡养中涉及的有关法律问题都未有细化的规定。虽然《中华人民共和国老年人权益保障法》中有法律条文规定了精神慰藉的义务,并且该法修订后将经常回家探望和问候老人的内容完善进去,但是对于精神赡养方面仍缺乏全面、系统的研究。精神赡养问题已经成为当今社会生活中亟待解决的一个问题。我们每个人都会随着时间而老去,都会成为老年人队伍中的一员,老年人的赡养问题直接关系到经济发展和社会的和谐。我们必须切实的保护老年人的权益,特别是老年人精神上的权益,让每个老年人的晚年都过上幸福的生活。本文以两个典型的精神赡养案例为引,分析我国精神赡养问题的立法现状,发现精神赡养存在三个法律问题:我国法律没有明确精神赡养概念、精神赡养的义务主体过于狭窄、法律责任及救济方式规定不明确。本文结合我国对精神赡养问题的立法现状以及司法实践,并借鉴了外国对精神赡养问题的相关规定,从立法和司法两个方面探索解决老年人精神赡养法律问题的相关措施,以便老年人精神赡养的权益可以更好的得到保护。
[Abstract]:By the end of 2013, the number of people over the age of 60 in mainland China had exceeded 200 million, reaching 14.9 percent of the total population. China has officially entered an aging society. Demographers predicted that by 2050, The population over 60 years of age in mainland China will account for 29.9% of the total population. This shows that in the country we live in, one of the three Chinese people we meet is an elderly person. With the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of the economy, With the improvement of living standards, the material support of the elderly has been basically satisfied. After the material needs have been satisfied, the desire to pursue spiritual needs has become stronger and stronger. In recent years, there have been a large number of cases in which the elderly have sued their children for spiritual support. Supporting the elderly is not only the traditional ethics of filial piety in China, but also an obligation conferred on us by law. At present, the family pension is still the main way of providing for the aged in our country. Most of the children's cognitive level of maintenance is limited to material support and daily care, and it does not reach the height of spiritual support, which results in the spiritual needs of many elderly people not being satisfied. In the legal provisions, the provisions on spiritual support, They only stay at the level of encouragement and advocacy, and there are no detailed provisions on the relevant legal issues involved in spiritual support. Although there are legal provisions in the Law of the people's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and interests of the elderly, which stipulate the obligation of spiritual comfort, After the amendment of the law, the contents of regular visits and greetings to the elderly are improved, but there is still a lack of comprehensive aspects of spiritual support. Systematic research. Spiritual support has become an urgent problem in today's social life. Each of us will grow old over time and become a member of the ranks of the elderly. The issue of the maintenance of the elderly is directly related to economic development and social harmony. We must effectively protect the rights and interests of the elderly, especially the spiritual rights and interests of the elderly. Let every old man live a happy life in his later years. This paper analyzes the current legislative situation of spiritual support in our country, based on two typical cases of spiritual support. It is found that there are three legal problems in spiritual support: the concept of spiritual support is not clear in Chinese law, and the subject of obligation of spiritual support is too narrow. The legal liability and relief methods are not clear. This paper combines the current legislative situation and judicial practice of spiritual support in our country, and draws lessons from the relevant provisions of foreign countries on spiritual support. In order to protect the rights and interests of spiritual support of the elderly, this paper explores the relevant measures to solve the legal problems of spiritual support for the elderly from the two aspects of legislation and judicature.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

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