用人单位侵权责任问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:10

本文选题：用人单位侵权责任　切入点：雇主责任　出处：《郑州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着生产力水平的不断提高以及社会分工越来越细化,雇请他人完成一定工作任务日渐普遍化,用人单位侵权问题已经表现的越来越明显,急需健全该制度体系。大陆法系与英美法系的大部分国家在雇主责任、法人侵权责任等制度建构方面俨然比较健全。《侵权责任法》中已经有了关于用人单位侵权责任的相关条款之规定,然而里面仍然存在些许不够健全之处。理论界对该问题的理论基础与立法空白等方面的争议仍然没有止步。文章将采用了多种研究方法对用人单位侵权责任的完善问题提出了自己的想法与建构。导言首先提出该制度存在的些许不足,之后利用查阅多方参考资料和多种研究方法传递了用人单位侵权责任制度研究的必要性与紧迫性。文章主要由三个部分构成。第一章借由我国用人单位侵权责任的历史演变分析了我国的立法现状,重点指出《侵权责任法》第34条以及《人身损害赔偿解释》第9条存在的诸多问题。批判主要集中我国将法人侵权责任和雇主责任划归统一的责任主体是否合理、雇员为轻过失时,受害人可否直接向雇员请求损害赔偿以及雇员故意和重大过失的判断标准。第二章对采用比较法分析对法人侵权责任与雇主责任进行剖析。分析了用人单位侵权责任复杂样态,主要存在三方关系和三种情形,之后将法人与工作人员的关系进行分类,进一步论证代理关系与代表关系中的侵权责任之间的差异。关于雇主责任,本文分析了德国、日本、法国、美国、英国、中国台湾地区关于雇主责任的立法例,按照归责原则的不同分为三大类型:过错推定原则、无过错责任原则、过错推定责任原则和公平责任原则的结合,并作了利弊分析。第三章是关于用人单位侵权责任的完善与思考。完善包括了关于《侵权责任法》中法人侵权责任不周延的调整和雇主责任中受害人是否应享有选择权、雇主是否享有追偿权及其追偿权的实现。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of productivity and the refinement of social division of labor, hiring others to complete certain tasks is becoming more and more common, and the problem of employer infringement has become more and more obvious. There is an urgent need to improve the system. Most of the countries in the civil and common law systems are responsible for employers, The legal person tort liability and other institutional construction aspects have been relatively sound. The Tort liability Law already has the relevant provisions on the tort liability of the employing unit. However, there are still some unsound points in it. The theoretical basis and legislative blank of this problem are still not stopped. The article will adopt a variety of research methods to the end of the tort liability of employers. The introduction first points out that there are some deficiencies in the system. The necessity and urgency of the research on the tort liability system of employers are transmitted by consulting various reference materials and various research methods. The article is mainly composed of three parts. The first chapter is based on the tort liability of employers in our country. The historical evolution of China's legislative situation, The article 34 of the Tort liability Law and Article 9 of the interpretation of personal injury compensation have many problems. The criticism mainly focuses on whether it is reasonable to classify the tort liability of legal person and the liability of employer into a unified liability in our country. When an employee is a minor fault, Whether the victim can directly claim damages from the employee and the judgment standard of the employee's intentional and gross negligence. Chapter two analyzes the liability of tort liability of legal person and the liability of employer by using comparative law, and analyzes the complex pattern of tort liability of employer. There are three kinds of relationships and three kinds of situations, and then the relationship between legal person and staff is classified, and the difference between agency relationship and tort liability in representative relationship is further demonstrated. In France, the United States, the United Kingdom and Taiwan, the legislation on employer liability is divided into three categories according to the different imputation principle: the principle of presumption of fault, the principle of liability without fault, the combination of principle of liability for presumption of fault and principle of fair liability. The third chapter is about the perfection and thinking of the employer's tort liability. The perfection includes the adjustment of the legal person's tort liability in the Tort liability Law and whether the victim should enjoy the right of choice in the employer's liability. Whether the employer enjoys the right of recourse and the realization of the right of recourse.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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