隐私权视角下我国个人信用信息保护研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 00:34

本文选题：信用信息　切入点：隐私权　出处：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：孔子曰:“言必诚信,行必忠正”,诚信在我国各个领域充当不可或缺的角色,而我国目前缺乏诚信现象时有发生。尤其是在经济领域,诚信缺失现象严重。那么为何会有这么多不诚信的现象发生呢?信息不对称造成失信行为时有发生,为避免逆向选择和机会主义行为,征信业日渐兴旺。我国的全国性个人征信系统于2006年1月正式运行,到2008年全国个人征信系统的覆盖人群达到5.95亿人,截至到2014年10月,我国个人征信系统收录的自然人人数达到8.5亿,约占全国人口的三分之二。2015年3月5日,全国两会的政府工作报告中,首次提出了“要推进社会信用体系建设,建立全国统一的信用信息共享平台”。但是在征信机构日益兴旺的同时,与个人隐私权保护之间的冲突越来越明显。我国是人口大国,信息的泄露不单纯是侵犯个人隐私权,更有可能对我国征信机构的公信力造成削弱。就目前来看,我国对隐私权的保护与欧美国家比较还相差甚远。发展征信业却忽视了对征信业的规范。我国历史上经历了漫长的封建社会,这一特点下产生了森严的等级制度,高高在上的一部分人拥有了绝对的权力,导致人们不尊重别人的隐私,也对自身的隐私缺乏应有的保护意识。笔者追溯我国个人信用信息隐私保护的发展历程,总结归纳国内外研究现状;拟从隐私权的视角出发,阐明了平衡个人信用信息利用与隐私保护二者关系的研究意义;在对个人信用信息及隐私权相关概念进行明确界定的基础之上,分析个人信用信息利用与隐私权保护二者之间的冲突关系,提出如何使二者平衡;分析美国及欧盟国家对于信息保护的相关法律制定,相关机构措施,总结美国及欧盟的先进之处,供我国进行学习借鉴;阐述我国征信业中信用信息隐私保护现状,结合《关于个人信用信息隐私权保护方面的调查研究》问卷,分别从信用信息在收集、加工存储及利用中三个方面剖析隐私权受到侵犯的原因,指出我国对于信息主体的隐私保护缺少相关法律制度的约束、信用评价没有统一标准、社会公众对自身隐私权及他人权益不重视、行业自律不足、征信内容范围界定缺乏合理性、收集信息机构参差不齐等原因;最后分别从法律建设、征信机构、社会环境三个方面给予个人信用信息隐私保护相关建议。
[Abstract]:Confucius said, "honesty is what you say, and loyalty is your duty." honesty plays an indispensable role in every field of our country, and the lack of honesty in our country happens from time to time, especially in the economic field. The lack of honesty is serious. So why do so many dishonest phenomena occur? In order to avoid adverse selection and opportunism, the credit information industry is flourishing day by day. In January 2006, the national personal credit system of our country was officially operated. By 2008, the number of people covered by the national personal credit system had reached 595 million, and by October 2014, the number of natural persons included in the personal credit system in China had reached 850 million, accounting for about 2/3 of the population of the country. On March 5, 2015, In the government work report of the two sessions of the whole country, it was proposed for the first time that "it is necessary to promote the construction of the social credit system and establish a unified national credit information sharing platform." but at the same time as the credit information agencies are flourishing, The conflict with the protection of personal privacy is becoming more and more obvious. China is a large country with a large population. The leakage of information is not merely an infringement of personal privacy, but more likely to weaken the credibility of the credit agencies in our country. For the time being, The protection of privacy in China is far from that in Europe and the United States. The development of credit information industry has ignored the norms of credit reporting. China has experienced a long feudal society in history, which has resulted in a strict hierarchy system. Some of the above people have the absolute power, which leads to people not respecting the privacy of others, but also lack of due protection of their own privacy. The author traces the development of privacy protection of personal credit information in China. This paper summarizes and summarizes the current research situation at home and abroad, and expounds the significance of the research on the balance between the use of personal credit information and the protection of privacy from the perspective of the right to privacy. On the basis of defining the concepts of personal credit information and privacy, this paper analyzes the conflict relationship between the use of personal credit information and the protection of privacy, and puts forward how to balance the two. This paper analyzes the relevant laws and measures for information protection in the United States and the European Union, summarizes the advantages of the United States and the European Union, and expounds the present situation of the privacy protection of credit information in the credit information industry of our country. Combined with the questionnaire on the Protection of the right to Privacy of personal Credit Information, this paper analyzes the reasons for the violation of the right to privacy from three aspects of the collection, processing, storage and utilization of the credit information. It is pointed out that the privacy protection of information subject in our country lacks the restriction of relevant legal system, the credit evaluation has no unified standard, the public does not attach importance to the privacy of oneself and others, and the self-discipline of the industry is insufficient. The definition of credit information content scope is lack of rationality, information collection agencies are uneven and other reasons; finally, from the legal construction, credit agencies, social environment to give personal credit information privacy protection recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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