不动产附合规则之于中国民法典

发布时间：2018-04-05 05:42

本文选题：不动产　切入点：附合　出处：《江汉论坛》2017年06期

【摘要】：不动产附合时常发生,中国现行物权法却未设包括不动产附合规则在内的添附规则,只有两个司法解释对此有所规定,但存在着不专业的瑕疵,编纂民法典应当增设添附规则。涨滩形成土地所有权的现象,由不动产附合规则调整最为顺畅,只是在附合的构成上必须考虑到中国的现实,应例外地承认泥沙与堤岸、海岸、滩涂同属国家所有时仍可成立附合。建筑物与土地及建设用地使用权各为独立之物、不适用附合规则的现行法模式可以继续维持,且有登记程序制度支撑和实务操作的历史验证。供热(气、水、油)管道与土地、建设用地使用权、建筑物适用附合规则抑或各为独立之物的模式,利弊相伴,中国现行法认其为独立的不动产,编纂民法典可以承继。林木,尤其是森林,不适用附合规则,这符合农地"三权分置"改革的方向,编纂民法典时应予肯定。附合制度须有不当得利制度的衔接、配合,有时还要适用侵权损害赔偿、缔约过失责任甚至违约损害赔偿的规定。
[Abstract]:Immovable property attachment often occurs, but there are no additional rules including immovable property attachment rules in China's current property law. Only two judicial interpretations provide for this, but there are unprofessional flaws, so additional rules should be added to the codification civil code.The phenomenon of land ownership formed by the beach is most smoothly adjusted by the rules of attachment of real estate, but the composition of the attachment must take into account the reality of China, and the sediment and levees and coasts should be recognized in an exceptional way.When the beach is owned by the state, it can still be attached.Buildings, land use rights and construction land use rights are independent objects, the current law model which does not apply to the attached rules can continue to maintain, and has the support of registration procedure system and the historical verification of practical operation.Heating (gas, water, oil) pipelines and land, construction land use rights, buildings applicable to the rules of attachment or the model of separate objects, advantages and disadvantages, China's current law as independent real estate, the codification of civil code can be inherited.Forest trees, especially forests, do not apply the attached rule, which is in line with the reform direction of farmland "three rights division", which should be affirmed when codifying the civil code.The attachment system should have the connection and cooperation of the unjust enrichment system, and sometimes it should be applied to the provisions of tort damages, contractual negligence liability and even damages for breach of contract.
【作者单位】：暨南大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“法学方法论与中国民商法研究”(13AZD065) 清华大学自主科研计划课题“中国民法典编纂重大理论问题研究”(2015THZWJC01)
【分类号】：D923.2

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