试论功能性限定权利要求的保护范围

发布时间：2018-04-05 17:21

本文选题：功能性特征　切入点：字面侵权　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：功能性特征是指对于结构、组分、步骤、条件或其之间的关系等,通过其在发明创造中所起的功能或者效果进行限定的技术特征。权利要求中含有功能性特征的,称为功能性限定权利要求。因为对功能性特征的不同理解,功能性限定权利要求保护范围可能大小不同,因此需要从功能性特征的相同与等同实施方式两个角度,准确理解其含义和范围。对于功能性限定权利要求的保护范围,可以从侵权判定时得以反映和确定。在字面侵权判定时,涉嫌侵权的相关技术特征,如果与说明书中实施例相同的,可以认为字面相同。随之,认定为字面侵权成立。在等同侵权意义上判定时,对于功能性特征而言,如果涉嫌侵权的相关技术特征,与功能性特征的实施例相比,按照“功能、手段、效果”三一致的原则判定,均基本相同,则构成了实施例的等同实施方式。此时,如需判定是否构成等同侵权,仍需从逐一技术特征出发,沿技术方案的整体角度,进行等同层次的判定,以判断整个方案是否构成侵权。因此,如果权利要求包括功能性特征,则从理论上存在需要进行二次等同判断的可能。对于等同理论中的等同特征认定,与功能性特征认定中的等同实施方式的认定,二者在对权利要求保护范围扩大或缩小的影响不同、比对的标准不同、判断时间基点不同、判断后得到的结论不同四个方面,存在不同。因此,不宜在实践中将二者混淆。
[Abstract]:Functional features refer to the technical characteristics defined by the functions or effects of the structure, components, steps, conditions or relationships between them in the invention and creation.Claims that contain functional features are called functional qualification claims.Because of the different understanding of functional characteristics, the scope of protection of functional limitation claims may be different, so we need to understand the meaning and scope of functional characteristics from the same and equal ways of implementation.The functional limitation of the scope of protection of claims can be reflected and determined from the judgment of infringement.In the determination of literal infringement, the related technical characteristics of the suspected infringement may be considered literally the same if it is the same as the embodiment in the specification.Subsequently, it is established as a literal infringement.When judging in the same sense of tort, if the relevant technical characteristics of the suspected infringement are compared with the embodiment of the functional feature, the three consistent principles of "function, means, effect" are basically the same.Then the equivalent implementation mode of the embodiment is constituted.At this time, if it is necessary to determine whether the equivalent infringement is constituted, it is still necessary to judge whether the whole scheme constitutes infringement or not by proceeding from the technical characteristics one by one, along with the whole angle of the technical scheme.Therefore, if the claim includes functional features, there is a theoretical possibility of secondary equivalence.For the identification of the equivalent characteristics in the equivalence theory and the identification of the equivalent implementation mode in the functional feature identification, the two have different effects on the scope of protection of claims, the standards of comparison and the judgment time base points.The conclusions after judgment are different in four aspects.Therefore, the two should not be confused in practice.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.42

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